---
title: hold — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hold» in the Judaism dictionary: To hold is to have something in your hand or arms: hold my hand. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hold

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** jar, meeting, hold, LORD, ye, your · **What happens:** hold, be, contain, hold on, store, fight · **To what, where:** hand, 10 sweets, place, party, grip, large space

<!-- .vabout -->
«hold» in the Judaism dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hold in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/hold.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To hold is to have something in your hand or arms: hold my hand.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:m1:1
# text = To hold is to have something in your hand or arms: hold my hand.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | have *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hold** | infinitive |  | my hand |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To hold is to have room for, to contain: the jar holds 10 sweets.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:m2:1
# text = To hold is to have room for, to contain: the jar holds 10 sweets.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	contain	contain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | have *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **contain** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **hold** | present | the jar | 10 sweets |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To hold is to keep in a place or state: hold still, hold on.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:m3:1
# text = To hold is to keep in a place or state: hold still, hold on.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
13	still	still	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a place or state |  | keep *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hold** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | still |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **hold on** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To hold a party or a meeting is to have it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:m4:1
# text = To hold a party or a meeting is to have it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | to-infinitive |  | a party |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent party=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | a meeting |  |  |  |  | have *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hold is a grip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:m5:1
# text = A hold is a grip.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	grip	grip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hold | a grip |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hold is the large space deep inside a ship where cargo is stored.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:m6:1
# text = The hold is the large space deep inside a ship where cargo is stored.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	deep	deep	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	14	advmod	_	_
12	cargo	cargo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	stored	store	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the hold | the large space |  | a ship |  | deep *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **store** | present · passive |  | cargo |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The LORD will fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.' (Torah EXO.14.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The LORD will fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.'

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x1:1
# text = The LORD will fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.'
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | future | the LORD |  |  |  |  | for you | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hold** | shall | ye | your peace |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peace=Theme |
| 3 | **pacify** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom peace «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.14.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.14.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.14.14	EXO.14.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For if thou refuse to let them go, and wilt hold them still, (Torah EXO.9.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x2:1
# text = For if thou refuse to let them go, and wilt hold them still, (Torah EXO.9.2, JPS 1917)
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	refuse	refuse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	wilt	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	still	still	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	EXO.9.2	EXO.9.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **let** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **hold** | future |  | them *= they* |  |  | still |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme exo.9.2=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The peoples have heard, they tremble; pangs have taken hold on the inhabitants of Philistia. (Torah EXO.15.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The peoples have heard, they tremble; pangs have taken hold on the inhabitants of Philistia.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x3:1
# text = The peoples have heard, they tremble; pangs have taken hold on the inhabitants of Philistia.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	tremble	tremble	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	pangs	pang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
12	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Philistia	Philistia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present · perfect | the peoples |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **tremble** | present | peoples *= people* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | present · perfect · passive |  | pangs |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 4 | **hold** | infinitive |  |  |  | the inhabitants of Philistia |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on inhabitant=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.15.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x3:2
# text = (Torah EXO.15.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.15.14	EXO.15.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They hold fast deceit, they refuse to return. (Prophets JER.8.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They hold fast deceit, they refuse to return.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x4:1
# text = They hold fast deceit, they refuse to return.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	deceit	deceit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	refuse	refuse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | They | fast deceit |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deceit=Theme |
| 2 | **refuse** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **return** | to-infinitive | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.8.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x4:2
# text = (Prophets JER.8.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.8.5	JER.8.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But he was as one that held his peace. (Prophets 1SA.10.27, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But he was as one that held his peace.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x5:1
# text = But he was as one that held his peace.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | he |  |  |  |  | as one | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | past | that | his peace |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peace=Theme |
| 3 | **pacify** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom peace «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 1SA.10.27, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x5:2
# text = (Prophets 1SA.10.27, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1SA.10.27	1SA.10.27	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For then would I hold my peace and die. (Writings JOB.13.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For then would I hold my peace and die.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x6:1
# text = For then would I hold my peace and die.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	obl	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | would | I | my peace |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peace=Theme |
| 2 | **die** | infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **pacify** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom peace «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.13.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x6:2
# text = (Writings JOB.13.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.13.19	JOB.13.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mia buys 8 packs of cards. A pack holds 3 cards. How many cards does Mia buy?

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Mia buys 8 packs of cards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x7:1
# text = Mia buys 8 packs of cards.
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	buys	buy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	packs	pack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present | Mia | 8 packs of cards |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pack=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A pack holds 3 cards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x7:2
# text = A pack holds 3 cards.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | a pack | 3 cards |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* How many cards does Mia buy?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x7:3
# text = How many cards does Mia buy?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present · do-support | many cards |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A jar holds 10 sweets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x8:1
# text = A jar holds 10 sweets.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | a jar | 10 sweets |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each tray holds 6 cupcakes. How many trays are needed for 24 cupcakes?

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Each tray holds 6 cupcakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x9:1
# text = Each tray holds 6 cupcakes.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	tray	tray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cupcakes	cupcake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | each tray | 6 cupcakes |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cupcake=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How many trays are needed for 24 cupcakes?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x9:2
# text = How many trays are needed for 24 cupcakes?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	trays	tray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	cupcakes	cupcake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present · passive |  | many trays |  |  |  | for 24 cupcakes | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold my hand when we cross the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x10:1
# text = Hold my hand when we cross the road.
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cross	cross	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | my hand |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
| 2 | **cross** | present | we | the road |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you hold the baby for a minute?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x11:1
# text = Can you hold the baby for a minute?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | can | you | the baby |  |  | minute |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold on, I'm coming!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x12:1
# text = Hold on, I'm coming!
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold on** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | present · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school will hold a concert in the hall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x13:1
# text = The school will hold a concert in the hall.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	concert	concert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | future | the school | a concert |  | the hall |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent concert=Theme in hall=Location |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This bottle holds one litre of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x14:1
# text = This bottle holds one litre of water.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	litre	litre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | this bottle | one litre of water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Theme |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was powder in the hold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:hold:x15:1
# text = There was powder in the hold.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | powder |  |  | the hold; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hold=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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