---
title: homage — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «homage» in the Judaism dictionary: Homage is a sign of great respect for someone important, often shown by bowing or kneeling. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# homage

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Homage, that, desire, you, He, ye · **What happens:** be, show, bow, kneel, knight, make · **To what, where:** sign, promise, knight, homage, purity, way

<!-- .vabout -->
«homage» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [homage in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/homage.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Homage is a sign of great respect for someone important, often shown by bowing or kneeling.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:m1:1
# text = Homage is a sign of great respect for someone important, often shown by bowing or kneeling.
1	Homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nmod	_	_
10	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
14	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	bowing	bow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	kneeling	kneel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Homage | a sign |  |  |  | of great respect for someone | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | participle | Homage *not said here* |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **bow** | gerund | Homage *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **kneel** | gerund | Homage *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Homage was the promise of loyalty that a knight or lord made to his king.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:m2:1
# text = Homage was the promise of loyalty that a knight or lord made to his king.
1	Homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Homage | the promise |  |  |  | of loyalty | tree rules |
| 2 | **knight** |  | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | a knight or lord *not said here* |  |  |  | to his king | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So shall the king desire thy beauty; for he is thy lord; and do homage unto him. (Writings PSA.45.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* So shall the king desire thy beauty; for he is thy lord; and do homage unto him.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x1:1
# text = So shall the king desire thy beauty; for he is thy lord; and do homage unto him.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	desire	desire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
17	homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | desire |  |  |  |  | for thy lord | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive |  | homage |  |  |  | unto desire | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homage=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.45.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.45.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.45.12	PSA.45.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do homage in purity, lest He be angry, and ye perish in the way, when suddenly His wrath is kindled. (Writings PSA.2.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Do homage in purity, lest He be angry, and ye perish in the way, when suddenly His wrath is kindled.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x2:1
# text = Do homage in purity, lest He be angry, and ye perish in the way, when suddenly His wrath is kindled.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	purity	purity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
9	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
13	perish	perish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
19	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
20	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* | homage |  | purity |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homage=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | He |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **perish** | present | ye |  |  | the way |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **kindle** | present · passive |  | His wrath |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.2.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x2:2
# text = (Writings PSA.2.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.2.12	PSA.2.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every one noticed him, and did him homage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x3:1
# text = Every one noticed him, and did him homage.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notice** | past | every one | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 2 | **do** | past | every one *not said here* | him *= he* |  |  |  | homage *obl:unmarked* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crowds paid homage to the queen as she rode by.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x4:1
# text = The crowds paid homage to the queen as she rode by.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crowds	crowd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | the crowds | homage |  |  |  | to the queen | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homage=Asset |
| 2 | **ride by** | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight knelt before the king to pay homage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x5:1
# text = The knight knelt before the king to pay homage.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	knelt	kneel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
9	homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kneel** | participle |  | the knight *not said here* |  | king homage |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before homage=Location |
| 2 | **pay** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone in the hall bowed low in homage to the brave princess.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x6:1
# text = Everyone in the hall bowed low in homage to the brave princess.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	bowed	bow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bow** | past | Everyone |  |  | homage |  | to the brave princess; low *property* | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to princess=Pivot |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sang songs of homage to our hero.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:homage:x7:1
# text = We sang songs of homage to our hero.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	homage	homage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | We | songs of homage | our hero |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent song=Topic to hero=Recipient |
| 2 | **sing** |  | homage |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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