---
title: horse — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «horse» in the Judaism dictionary: A horse is a big strong animal with four legs, hooves, a mane and a long tail, that people ride or use to pull carts. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# horse

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** horse, people, you, toy horse, Egyptians, Dan · **What happens:** be, ride, use, pull, vault, jump over · **To what, where:** big strong animal, that, carts, piece, gym equipment, toy horse · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«horse» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 17 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [horse in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/horse.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horse is a big strong animal with four legs, hooves, a mane and a long tail, that people ride or use to pull carts.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:m1:1
# text = A horse is a big strong animal with four legs, hooves, a mane and a long tail, that people ride or use to pull carts.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	hooves	hoove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	mane	mane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	obj	_	_
22	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
23	ride	ride	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	advcl	_	_
28	carts	cart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a horse | a big strong animal and a mane and a long tail |  |  |  | with four legs and hooves | tree rules |
| 2 | **ride** | present | people | that |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | present | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pull** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | carts |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horse (a vaulting horse) is a piece of gym equipment you jump over.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:m2:1
# text = A horse (a vaulting horse) is a piece of gym equipment you jump over.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	vaulting	vault	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	gym	gym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	equipment	equipment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	jump	jump	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	over	over	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vault** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a horse | a piece |  |  |  | of gym equipment | tree rules |
| 3 | **jump over** | present | you | gym equipment *not said here* |  |  |  | over *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme equipment=Trajectory |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toy horse, like a rocking horse or a hobby horse, is made for children to play on.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:m3:1
# text = A toy horse, like a rocking horse or a hobby horse, is made for children to play on.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	rocking	rocking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	hobby	hobby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | a toy horse |  |  |  | for children | tree rules |
| 2 | **play on** | to-infinitive | a toy horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen. (Torah EXO.14.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x1:1
# text = And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh's horses, his chariots, and his horsemen.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Egyptians	Egyptian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pursued	pursue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	det	_	_
19	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pursue** | past | the Egyptians | his horsemen |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go in** | past | the Egyptians *not said here* |  |  | the midst of the sea and all Pharaoh's horses and his chariots | after Egyptians *= egyptian* |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into midst=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.14.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.14.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.14.23	EXO.14.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dan shall be a serpent in the way, a horned snake in the path, that biteth the horse's heels, so that his rider falleth backward. (Torah GEN.49.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Dan shall be a serpent in the way, a horned snake in the path, that biteth the horse's heels, so that his rider falleth backward.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x2:1
# text = Dan shall be a serpent in the way, a horned snake in the path, that biteth the horse's heels, so that his rider falleth backward.
1	Dan	Dan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	serpent	serpent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	horned	horned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj	_	_
18	biteth	bite	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	's	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	heels	heel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	28	mark	_	_
25	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	fixed	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	falleth	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
29	backward	backward	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | shall | Dan | a serpent and a horned snake in the path |  | the way |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bite** | present | that | the horse's heels |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heel=Patient |
| 3 | **fall** | present | Dan's rider |  |  |  |  | backward *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.49.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.49.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.49.17	GEN.49.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to the LORD, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea. (Torah EXO.15.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to the LORD, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x3:1
# text = And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to the LORD, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Miriam	Miriam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	highly	highly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
24	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
25	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	xcomp	_	_
27	into	into	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | Miriam |  |  |  |  | unto them *= they* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | infinitive | Miriam *not said here* | ye | the LORD |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent ye=Topic to lord=Recipient |
| 3 | **exalt** | present · passive |  | Miriam |  |  |  | highly *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 4 | **have** | present | the horse and Miriam's rider |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **throw** | participle | Miriam |  |  |  |  | into the sea *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer into sea=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.15.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x3:2
# text = (Torah EXO.15.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.15.21	EXO.15.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do horses run upon the rocks? (Prophets AMO.6.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Do horses run upon the rocks?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x4:1
# text = Do horses run upon the rocks?
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	aux	_	_
2	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | infinitive · do-support | horses |  |  | the rocks |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon rock=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets AMO.6.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x4:2
# text = (Prophets AMO.6.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	AMO.6.12	AMO.6.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hast thou given the horse his strength? (Writings JOB.39.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hast thou given the horse his strength?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x5:1
# text = Hast thou given the horse his strength?
1	Hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · perfect | thou | horse's strength | the horse |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient strength=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.39.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.39.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.39.19	JOB.39.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou hast trodden the sea with Thy horses, the foaming of mighty waters. (Prophets HAB.3.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou hast trodden the sea with Thy horses, the foaming of mighty waters.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x6:1
# text = Thou hast trodden the sea with Thy horses, the foaming of mighty waters.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	trodden	tread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	foaming	foaming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tread** | present · passive |  | Thou |  |  |  | with Thy horses and the foaming of mighty waters | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets HAB.3.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x6:2
# text = (Prophets HAB.3.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	HAB.3.15	HAB.3.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farm has 6 horses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x7:1
# text = The farm has 6 horses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the farm | 6 horses |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each horse eats 10 kg of hay a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x8:1
# text = Each horse eats 10 kg of hay a day.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hay	hay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | each horse | 10 kg of hay |  |  | day |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kg=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many legs do the horses have?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x9:1
# text = How many legs do the horses have?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | many legs |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | the horses |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horse ride costs 5 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x10:1
# text = A horse ride costs 5 dollars.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ride	ride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a horse ride | 5 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has riding lessons on a brown horse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x11:1
# text = She has riding lessons on a brown horse.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	riding	ride	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ride** | gerund | She *not said here* | lessons |  |  |  | on a brown horse | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lesson=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse pulled the cart up the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x12:1
# text = The horse pulled the cart up the hill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past | the horse | the cart |  |  |  | up the hill | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A baby horse is called a foal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x13:1
# text = A baby horse is called a foal.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	foal	foal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | a baby horse |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight rode his white horse to the castle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x14:1
# text = The knight rode his white horse to the castle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | the knight | knight's white horse |  | the castle |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent horse=Theme to castle=Trajectory |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In gym class we jumped over the horse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x15:1
# text = In gym class we jumped over the horse.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	gym	gym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | we |  |  | gym class |  | over the horse | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in class=Trajectory |

## Example 16 {#x16}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Hold your horses!» said Dad, meaning «wait a moment».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x16:1
# text = «Hold your horses!» said Dad, meaning «wait a moment».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	Dad	Dad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	wait	wait	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your horses |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund | Dad *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **wait** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  | moment |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 17 {#x17}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king leaped from his horse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:horse:x17:1
# text = The king leaped from his horse.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	leaped	leap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | participle |  | the king *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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