---
title: idle — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «idle» in the Judaism dictionary: Not working or not being used, as in «the machines stood idle». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# idle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** car, time, he, Ye, us, tale · **What happens:** not work, not use, stand, not want, work, run · **To what, where:** machines, nothing, us, LORD, heretofore, aught · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«idle» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [idle in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/idle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not working or not being used, as in «the machines stood idle».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:m1:1
# text = Not working or not being used, as in «the machines stood idle».
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
13	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **work** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **use** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stand** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  | the machines |  | idle *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in machine=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lazy, not wanting to work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:m2:1
# text = Lazy, not wanting to work.
1	Lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	wanting	want	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **want** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **work** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Without a real reason or purpose, as in «idle chatter» or «an idle threat».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:m3:1
# text = Without a real reason or purpose, as in «idle chatter» or «an idle threat».
1	Without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	chatter	chatter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	threat	threat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of an engine: to run slowly while the car is not moving.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:m4:1
# text = Of an engine: to run slowly while the car is not moving.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	run	run	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of a engine; slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme of engine=Trajectory |
| 2 | **not** **move** | present · progressive | the car |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spend time doing nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:m5:1
# text = To spend time doing nothing.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spend	spend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | gerund | time *not said here* | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But he said: 'Ye are idle, ye are idle; therefore ye say: Let us go and sacrifice to the LORD. (Torah EXO.5.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But he said: 'Ye are idle, ye are idle; therefore ye say: Let us go and sacrifice to the LORD.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x1:1
# text = But he said: 'Ye are idle, ye are idle; therefore ye say: Let us go and sacrifice to the LORD.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj	_	_
16	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
19	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	sacrifice	sacrifice	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Ye |  |  |  |  | idle *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | ye |  |  |  |  | idle *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | ye |  |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **let** | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **go** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **sacrifice** | infinitive |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to lord=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.5.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.5.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.5.17	EXO.5.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall lay upon them; ye shall not diminish aught thereof; for they are idle; therefore they cry, saying: Let us go and sacrifice to our God. (Torah EXO.5.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall lay upon them; ye shall not diminish aught thereof; for they are idle; therefore they cry, saying: Let us go and sacrifice to our God.

<!-- fold The tree, 38 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x2:1
# text = And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall lay upon them; ye shall not diminish aught thereof; for they are idle; therefore they cry, saying: Let us go and sacrifice to our God.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bricks	brick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	heretofore	heretofore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
17	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nsubj	_	_
21	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
23	diminish	diminish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
24	aught	aught	PRON	NN	PronType=Ind	23	obj	_	_
25	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
27	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
28	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
30	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
33	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	cry	cry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
36	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
38	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	ccomp	_	_
39	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	obj	_	_
40	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	xcomp	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	sacrifice	sacrifice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	conj	_	_
43	to	to	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	45	nmod:poss	_	_
45	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · do-support | the tale of the bricks | heretofore |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heretofore=Product |
| 2 | **lay** | shall | ye |  |  |  |  | upon bricks *= brick* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon they=Destination |
| 3 | **not** **diminish** | shall | ye | aught |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer aught=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | bricks *= brick* |  |  |  |  | idle *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **cry** *speech: express* | present | bricks *= brick* |  |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | bricks *= brick* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **let** | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **go** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **sacrifice** | infinitive |  |  | our God |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to god=Recipient |
| 10 | **tell** |  | the bricks |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.5.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.5.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.5.8	EXO.5.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slothfulness casteth into a deep sleep; and the idle soul shall suffer hunger. (Writings PRO.19.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Slothfulness casteth into a deep sleep; and the idle soul shall suffer hunger.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x3:1
# text = Slothfulness casteth into a deep sleep; and the idle soul shall suffer hunger.
1	Slothfulness	slothfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	casteth	cast	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
14	hunger	hunger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | present | Slothfulness |  |  | a deep sleep |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent into sleep=Product |
| 2 | **suffer** | shall | the idle soul | hunger |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hunger=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.19.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x3:2
# text = (Writings PRO.19.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.19.15	PRO.19.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please don't let the engine idle outside the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x4:1
# text = Please don't let the engine idle outside the school.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
8	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **let** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the engine |  |  |  | idle *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent engine=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tractor sat idle in the shed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x5:1
# text = The tractor sat idle in the shed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tractor	tractor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shed	shed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the tractor |  |  | the shed |  | idle *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shed=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be idle — help me tidy up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x6:1
# text = Don't be idle — help me tidy up.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	tidy	tidy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | idle *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | infinitive | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **tidy up** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was just idle chatter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x7:1
# text = It was just idle chatter.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	chatter	chatter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | idle chatter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We idled away the afternoon in the garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x8:1
# text = We idled away the afternoon in the garden.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	idled	idle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **idle away** | past | We |  |  | the garden | afternoon | away *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His threat was an idle one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x9:1
# text = His threat was an idle one.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	threat	threat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | His threat | a idle one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The computer goes to sleep when it is idle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x10:1
# text = The computer goes to sleep when it is idle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | the computer |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | the computer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | computer |  |  |  |  | idle *property* | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As long as our father lived Alnaschar was very idle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:idle:x11:1
# text = As long as our father lived Alnaschar was very idle.
1	As	as	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Alnaschar	Alnaschar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	idle	idle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | our father |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Alnaschar |  |  |  |  | idle *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [I in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/I/)