---
title: indebtedness — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «indebtedness» in the Judaism dictionary: The state of owing thanks or money to someone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/I/indebtedness/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [I](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/I/) / indebtedness

# indebtedness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** state, I · **What happens:** owe, have, acknowledge, accord · **To what, where:** thanks, someone, indebtedness, H.

<!-- .vabout -->
«indebtedness» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 1 example, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [indebtedness in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/indebtedness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The state of owing thanks or money to someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:indebtedness:m1:1
# text = The state of owing thanks or money to someone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	thanks	thanks	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | gerund | the state *not said here* | thanks or money | someone |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent thanks=Theme to someone=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have to acknowledge my indebtedness to Dr. H. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:indebtedness:x1:1
# text = I have to acknowledge my indebtedness to Dr. H. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	indebtedness	indebtedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Dr.	Dr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:desc	_	_
9	H.	H.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
19	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	case	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
22	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	flat	_	_
23	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **acknowledge** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my indebtedness | H.  Dr. |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent indebtedness=Topic to h.=Recipient |
| 3 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [incurable](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/I/incurable/)
- next →: [indeed](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/I/indeed/)
- ↑ back to [I in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/I/)