---
title: interpolation — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «interpolation» in the Judaism dictionary: Something extra added into a text or story that was not there at first. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# interpolation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** story, whole paragraph, arrangement, interpolation, view, writers · **What happens:** add, not be, be, prove, live, regard · **To what, where:** interpolation, paragraph, Ptolemy, this, Mishnah, later interpolation

<!-- .vabout -->
«interpolation» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [interpolation in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/interpolation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something extra added into a text or story that was not there at first.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:m1:1
# text = Something extra added into a text or story that was not there at first.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	extra	extra	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | into a text or story; extra *property* | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient into text=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **not** **is** | past | story |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
44) This whole paragraph is an interpolation of an unknown hand, as it can be easily proved. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 44) This whole paragraph is an interpolation of an unknown hand, as it can be easily proved.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x1:1
# text = 44) This whole paragraph is an interpolation of an unknown hand, as it can be easily proved.
1	44	44	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	1	punct	_	_
3	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
4	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	interpolation	interpolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	unknown	unknown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
18	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	proved	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this whole paragraph | a interpolation |  |  |  | of a unknown hand | tree rules |
| 2 | **prove** | can · passive |  | paragraph |  |  |  | easily *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But this arrangement is undoubtedly an interpolation of a later time, as the author of the book "Yezirah" lived many years before Ptolemy. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But this arrangement is undoubtedly an interpolation of a later time, as the author of the book "Yezirah" lived many years before Ptolemy.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x2:1
# text = But this arrangement is undoubtedly an interpolation of a later time, as the author of the book "Yezirah" lived many years before Ptolemy.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	undoubtedly	undoubtedly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	interpolation	interpolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	later	late	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Yezirah	Yezirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
22	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
23	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl:unmarked	_	_
25	before	before	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Ptolemy	Ptolemy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this arrangement | a interpolation and the author of the book |  |  | time | undoubtedly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | past | a interpolation and the author of the book |  |  | Ptolemy | year |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before ptolemy=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As such a view is entirely re- pugnant to the modern critical raind, some writers regard this closing Mishnah as a later interpolation. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* As such a view is entirely re- pugnant to the modern critical raind, some writers regard this closing Mishnah as a later interpolation.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x3:1
# text = As such a view is entirely re- pugnant to the modern critical raind, some writers regard this closing Mishnah as a later interpolation.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
2	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	4	det:predet	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	re	re	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
9	pugnant	pugnant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	critical	critical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	raind	raind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
16	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	17	det	_	_
17	writers	writer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
18	regard	regard	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	obj	_	_
20	closing	close	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	xcomp	_	_
21	Mishnah	Mishnah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	later	late	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	25	amod	_	_
25	interpolation	interpolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | such view |  |  |  |  | re pugnant; to the modern critical raind; entirely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **regard** | present | some writers | this |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent this=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **close** | gerund | some writers *not said here* | Mishnah |  |  |  | as a later interpolation | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mishnah=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x3:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The line about the dragon is an interpolation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x4:1
# text = The line about the dragon is an interpolation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	interpolation	interpolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the line about the dragon | a interpolation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scholars spotted an interpolation in the old song.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x5:1
# text = Scholars spotted an interpolation in the old song.
1	Scholars	scholar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spotted	spot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	interpolation	interpolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | past | Scholars | a interpolation |  |  |  | in the old song | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent interpolation=Destination in song=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This added scene is a later interpolation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:interpolation:x6:1
# text = This added scene is a later interpolation.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	later	late	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	interpolation	interpolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | this added scene | a later interpolation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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