---
title: issue — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «issue» in the Judaism dictionary: An issue is an important subject or problem people talk about: environmental issues. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# issue

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** issue, people, something, act, I, bed · **What happens:** be, talk, print, issue, give out, have · **To what, where:** important subject, problem, one copy, magazine, tickets, act

<!-- .vabout -->
«issue» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [issue in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/issue.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An issue is an important subject or problem people talk about: environmental issues.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:m1:1
# text = An issue is an important subject or problem people talk about: environmental issues.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	talk	talk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	about	about	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	environmental	environmental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	issues	issue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a issue | a important subject or problem |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **talk** | present | people | problem *not said here* |  |  |  | about environmental issues | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An issue is a problem or worry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:m2:1
# text = An issue is a problem or worry.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	worry	worry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a issue | a problem or worry |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I have an issue with my phone."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:m2e:1
# text = "I have an issue with my phone."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | I | a issue |  |  |  | with my phone | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent issue=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An issue of a magazine or comic is one copy of it printed at a time.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:m3:1
# text = An issue of a magazine or comic is one copy of it printed at a time.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	magazine	magazine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	comic	comic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	_
13	printed	print	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a issue of a magazine or comic | one copy |  |  |  | of copy | tree rules |
| 2 | **print** | participle |  | one copy *not said here* |  |  | time |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **issue** |  |  | a magazine or comic |  |  |  |  | nom issue «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To issue something is to give it out officially, like tickets, books or a warning.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:m4:1
# text = To issue something is to give it out officially, like tickets, books or a warning.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
9	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	tickets	ticket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | something |  | tickets and books or a warning |  |  | give, officially *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The issue of something is the act of giving it out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:m5:1
# text = The issue of something is the act of giving it out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	giving	give	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the issue of something | the act |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give out** | gerund | the act *not said here* | issue |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **issue** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom issue «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And what saddle soever he that hath the issue rideth upon shall be unclean. (Torah LEV.15.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And what saddle soever he that hath the issue rideth upon shall be unclean.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x1:1
# text = And what saddle soever he that hath the issue rideth upon shall be unclean.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saddle	saddle	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	soever	soever	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	rideth	ride	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
14	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **saddle** | present |  |  | he |  |  | soever *property* | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Destination |
| 2 | **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **ride** | present | the issue |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | shall | the issue *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.15.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x1:2
# text = (Torah LEV.15.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.15.9	LEV.15.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every bed whereon he that hath the issue lieth shall be unclean; and every thing whereon he sitteth shall be unclean. (Torah LEV.15.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Every bed whereon he that hath the issue lieth shall be unclean; and every thing whereon he sitteth shall be unclean.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x2:1
# text = Every bed whereon he that hath the issue lieth shall be unclean; and every thing whereon he sitteth shall be unclean.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	whereon	whereon	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	lieth	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
12	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
15	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
17	whereon	whereon	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	sitteth	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	cop	_	_
22	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | every bed |  |  |  |  | whereon *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lie** | present | the issue |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | shall | the issue *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **sit** | present | issue |  |  |  |  | whereon *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | shall | every thing |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.15.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x2:2
# text = (Torah LEV.15.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.15.4	LEV.15.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But if she be cleansed of her issue, then she shall number to herself seven days, and after that she shall be clean. (Torah LEV.15.28, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But if she be cleansed of her issue, then she shall number to herself seven days, and after that she shall be clean.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x3:1
# text = But if she be cleansed of her issue, then she shall number to herself seven days, and after that she shall be clean.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	cleansed	cleanse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
10	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
13	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	nmod	_	_
16	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
20	after	after	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	obl	_	_
22	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	cop	_	_
25	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cleanse** | infinitive · passive |  | she |  |  |  | of her issue | vn free-10.6.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source of issue=Theme |
| 2 | **day** | shall | she |  |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | shall | number |  |  |  | after that | clean *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **issue** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom issue «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.15.28, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x3:2
# text = (Torah LEV.15.28, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.15.28	LEV.15.28	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Above all that thou guardest keep thy heart; for out of it are the issues of life. (Writings PRO.4.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Above all that thou guardest keep thy heart; for out of it are the issues of life.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x4:1
# text = Above all that thou guardest keep thy heart; for out of it are the issues of life.
1	Above	above	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	_
4	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
5	guardest	guard	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
7	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nmod	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	issues	issue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guard** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive | thou *not said here* | thy heart |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | all issues |  |  |  | of life | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.4.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x4:2
# text = (Writings PRO.4.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.4.23	PRO.4.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Or who shut up the sea with doors, when it broke forth, and issued out of the womb; (Writings JOB.38.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x5:1
# text = Or who shut up the sea with doors, when it broke forth, and issued out of the womb; (Writings JOB.38.8, JPS 1917)
1	Or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shut	shut	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	womb	womb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
22	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	_
24	JOB.38.8	JOB.38.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	flat	_	_
27	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	23	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut up** | present |  | the sea |  |  |  | with doors | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent sea=Patient with door=Instrument |
| 2 | **break** | past | sea |  |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **issue** | participle | sea *not said here* |  |  | the womb |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out womb=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
God is unto us a God of deliverances; and unto GOD the Lord belong the issues of death. (Writings PSA.68.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* God is unto us a God of deliverances; and unto GOD the Lord belong the issues of death.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x6:1
# text = God is unto us a God of deliverances; and unto GOD the Lord belong the issues of death.
1	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	deliverances	deliverance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
15	belong	belong	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	issues	issue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | God |  |  |  |  | unto a God and GOD; of deliverances | tree rules |
| 2 | **belong** | present | a God and GOD | the issues of death |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **issue** |  |  | death |  |  |  |  | nom issue «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.68.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.68.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.68.21	PSA.68.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pollution is a big issue for our planet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x7:1
# text = Pollution is a big issue for our planet.
1	Pollution	pollution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Pollution | a big issue |  |  |  | for our planet | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The library issued me three books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x8:1
# text = The library issued me three books.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	issued	issue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | past | the library | three books | me |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent i=Goal book=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What's the issue? You look upset.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* What's the issue?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x9:1
# text = What's the issue?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the issue |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You look upset.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x9:2
# text = You look upset.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	upset	upset	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | You |  |  |  |  | upset *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The weather office issued a storm warning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x10:1
# text = The weather office issued a storm warning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	issued	issue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | past | the weather office | a storm warning |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location warning=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I bought the latest issue of my comic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x11:1
# text = I bought the latest issue of my comic.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	latest	late	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	comic	comic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | I | the latest issue of my comic |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent issue=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother has issues with getting up early.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x12:1
# text = My brother has issues with getting up early.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	issues	issue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | My brother | issues |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent issue=Patient |
| 2 | **get up** | gerund | issues *not said here* |  |  |  |  | early *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each pupil was issued a new pencil, 30 pencils in all.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x13:1
# text = Each pupil was issued a new pencil, 30 pencils in all.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pencil	pencil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	pencils	pencil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | past · passive |  | each pupil |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal pencil=Theme |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I take issue with that idea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x14:1
# text = I take issue with that idea.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | I | issue |  |  |  | with that idea | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent issue=Theme |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rat raja issued an order at once to that effect to his army.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:issue:x15:1
# text = The rat raja issued an order at once to that effect to his army.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rat	rat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	raja	raja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	obl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | participle | the rat raja *not said here* | a order | that effect to his army |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent order=Theme to effect=Recipient |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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