---
title: jonah — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «jonah» in the Judaism dictionary: Jonah is a prophet in the Bible who ran away from God's command, was swallowed by a great fish, and after three days was spat out on land; then he preached in the city of Nineveh. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# jonah

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Jonah, prophet, great fish, God, it, great storm · **What happens:** be, run away, swallow, spat out, preach, command · **To what, where:** prophet, Bible, command, land, city, person · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«jonah» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [jonah in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/jonah.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jonah is a prophet in the Bible who ran away from God's command, was swallowed by a great fish, and after three days was spat out on land; then he preached in the city of Nineveh.

<!-- fold The tree, 37 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:m1:1
# text = Jonah is a prophet in the Bible who ran away from God's command, was swallowed by a great fish, and after three days was spat out on land; then he preached in the city of Nineveh.
1	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	parataxis	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	after	after	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
26	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	spat	spat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	_
29	out	out	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
30	on	on	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
33	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	35	advmod	_	_
34	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	preached	preach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Nineveh	Nineveh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Jonah | a prophet |  | the Bible |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run away** | past | a prophet |  |  | God's command |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from command=Trajectory |
| 3 | **swallow** | past · passive | a great fish |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **spat out** | past · passive | a great fish *not said here* |  |  | land | day |  | vn battle-36.4 «NP V» |
| 5 | **preach** *speech: other* | past | Jonah |  |  | the city of Nineveh | then |  | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **command** |  | God |  |  |  |  |  | nom command «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A jonah is a person thought to bring bad luck, especially on a ship.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:m2:1
# text = A jonah is a person thought to bring bad luck, especially on a ship.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	jonah	jonah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	thought	think	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a jonah | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | participle |  | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **bring** | to-infinitive |  | bad luck and a ship |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent luck=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he was angry. (Prophets JON.4.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he was angry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x1:1
# text = But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he was angry.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	displeased	displease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	exceedingly	exceedingly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **displease** | past | it | Jonah |  |  |  | exceedingly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus jonah=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | past | Jonah |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JON.4.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JON.4.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JON.4.1	JON.4.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So Jonah was exceeding glad because of the gourd. (Prophets JON.4.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* So Jonah was exceeding glad because of the gourd.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x2:1
# text = So Jonah was exceeding glad because of the gourd.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	exceeding	exceed	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	glad	glad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	gourd	gourd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exceed** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is** | past | Jonah |  |  |  |  | because the gourd; glad *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JON.4.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x2:2
# text = (Prophets JON.4.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JON.4.6	JON.4.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then Jonah prayed unto the LORD his God out of the fish's belly. (Prophets JON.2.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then Jonah prayed unto the LORD his God out of the fish's belly.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x3:1
# text = Then Jonah prayed unto the LORD his God out of the fish's belly.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	prayed	pray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	amod	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	belly	belly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | past | Jonah |  |  | the fish's belly | then | unto Jonah's LORD God | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JON.2.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x3:2
# text = (Prophets JON.2.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JON.2.2	JON.2.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jonah tried to sail away instead of going to Nineveh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x4:1
# text = Jonah tried to sail away instead of going to Nineveh.
1	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tried	try	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	sail	sail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	8	mark	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Nineveh	Nineveh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | past | Jonah |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **sail away** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Jonah *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** | gerund | Jonah *not said here* |  |  | Nineveh |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to nineveh=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A great storm came, and the sailors threw Jonah into the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x5:1
# text = A great storm came, and the sailors threw Jonah into the sea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a great storm |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **throw** | past | the sailors | Jonah |  |  |  | into the sea *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer jonah=Theme into sea=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jonah stayed inside the fish for three days and nights.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x6:1
# text = Jonah stayed inside the fish for three days and nights.
1	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | Jonah |  |  |  | day | inside the fish | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside fish=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class acted out Jonah and the whale with a paper fish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x7:1
# text = Our class acted out Jonah and the whale with a paper fish.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	acted	act	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act out** | past | Our class | Jonah and the whale |  |  |  | with a paper fish | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent jonah=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
God forgave the people of Nineveh, and Jonah was cross about it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x8:1
# text = God forgave the people of Nineveh, and Jonah was cross about it.
1	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	forgave	forgive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Nineveh	Nineveh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	Jonah	Jonah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	cross	cross	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
12	about	about	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forgive** | past | God | the people of Nineveh |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Jonah |  |  |  |  | about it; cross *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old sailors grumbled that the new cook was a jonah.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:jonah:x9:1
# text = The old sailors grumbled that the new cook was a jonah.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	grumbled	grumble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	jonah	jonah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grumble** *speech: other* | past | the old sailors |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the new cook | a jonah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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