---
title: kindle — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «kindle» in the Judaism dictionary: To kindle is to set something alight, or to start a fire. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# kindle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ye, contentious man, I, fire, one, you · **What happens:** kindle, be, start, burn, devour, shut · **To what, where:** fire, contentious man, strife, wall, palaces, doors

<!-- .vabout -->
«kindle» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [kindle in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/kindle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To kindle is to set something alight, or to start a fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:m1:1
# text = To kindle is to set something alight, or to start a fire.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	alight	alight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | set *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **start** | to-infinitive |  | a fire |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ye shall kindle no fire throughout your habitations upon the sabbath day.' (Torah EXO.35.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ye shall kindle no fire throughout your habitations upon the sabbath day.'

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x1:1
# text = Ye shall kindle no fire throughout your habitations upon the sabbath day.'
1	Ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	habitations	habitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	sabbath	sabbath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | shall | Ye | no fire |  |  | throughout your habitations; day |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fire=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.35.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.35.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.35.3	EXO.35.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As coals are to burning coals, and wood to fire; so is a contentious man to kindle strife. (Writings PRO.26.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* As coals are to burning coals, and wood to fire; so is a contentious man to kindle strife.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x2:1
# text = As coals are to burning coals, and wood to fire; so is a contentious man to kindle strife.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	coals	coal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	coals	coal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	contentious	contentious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	acl	_	_
20	strife	strife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to burning coals; as coals | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | a contentious man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **kindle** | infinitive | a contentious man *not said here* | strife |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition strife=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.26.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x2:2
# text = (Writings PRO.26.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.26.21	PRO.26.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus, and it shall devour the palaces of Ben-hadad. (Prophets JER.49.27, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus, and it shall devour the palaces of Ben-hadad.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x3:1
# text = And I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus, and it shall devour the palaces of Ben-hadad.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Damascus	Damascus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	devour	devour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	palaces	palace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	hadad	hadad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | future | I | a fire |  | the wall of Damascus |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fire=Patient |
| 2 | **devour** | shall | fire | the palaces of Ben hadad |  |  |  |  | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent palace=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.49.27, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x3:2
# text = (Prophets JER.49.27, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.49.27	JER.49.27	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oh that there were even one among you that would shut the doors, that ye might not kindle fire on Mine altar in vain! (Prophets MAL.1.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Oh that there were even one among you that would shut the doors, that ye might not kindle fire on Mine altar in vain!

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x4:1
# text = Oh that there were even one among you that would shut the doors, that ye might not kindle fire on Mine altar in vain!
1	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nsubj	_	_
7	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	_
10	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	shut	shut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
16	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
17	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl:relcl	_	_
20	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	Mine	Mine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	altar	altar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | one among you *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **shut** | would | one among you | the doors |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **kindle** | might | ye | the doors |  | Mine altar |  | in vain | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent that=Beneficiary fire=Product |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets MAL.1.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x4:2
# text = (Prophets MAL.1.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	MAL.1.10	MAL.1.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I will kindle a fire while you gather sticks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x5:1
# text = I will kindle a fire while you gather sticks.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	gather	gather	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | future | I | a fire |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fire=Patient |
| 2 | **gather** | present | you | sticks |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He planted willow sticks around the wood-pile to kindle it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x6:1
# text = He planted willow sticks around the wood-pile to kindle it.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | past | He | willow sticks |  | the wood pile |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stick=Theme around pile=Destination |
| 2 | **kindle** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | pile |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not let anyone kindle a fire from the maiden's flame.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:kindle:x7:1
# text = Do not let anyone kindle a fire from the maiden's flame.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	kindle	kindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **let** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | anyone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **kindle** | infinitive | anyone *not said here* | a fire |  | the maiden's flame |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Product from flame=Material |
| 3 | **flame** |  | the maiden |  |  |  |  |  | nom flame «process intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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