---
title: lack — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lack» in the Judaism dictionary: To lack means not to have something, or not to have enough of it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lack

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lack, they, he, man, land, thou · **What happens:** lack, mean, not have, mete, have over, gather · **To what, where:** something, enough, lack, sleep, water, it · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lack» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lack in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/lack.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lack means not to have something, or not to have enough of it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:m1:1
# text = To lack means not to have something, or not to have enough of it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lack	lack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
13	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **have** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 4 | **not** **have** | to-infinitive |  | enough of it |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enough=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lack is not having enough: a lack of sleep, a lack of water.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:m2:1
# text = A lack is not having enough: a lack of sleep, a lack of water.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present · progressive | a lack | a lack of sleep and a lack of water |  |  |  | enough *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lack** |  |  | sleep |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **lack** |  |  | water |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating. (Torah EXO.16.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x1:1
# text = And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	mete	mete	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	omer	omer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
13	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	much	much	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
16	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	15	obj	_	_
17	over	over	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
23	little	little	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	24	advmod	_	_
24	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	ccomp	_	_
25	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	26	det	_	_
26	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
28	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
30	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	31	det	_	_
31	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	35	case	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	fixed	_	_
34	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	eating	eating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mete** | past · do-support | they | it |  |  |  | with a omer | tree rules |
| 2 | **have over** | past | he | that |  |  |  | over *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **gather** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | past | he *not said here* | no lack |  |  |  | little *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lack=Patient |
| 5 | **gather** | past | they | every man |  |  |  | accord man's eating | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme |
| 6 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **eat** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom eating «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.16.18, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.16.18, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.16.18	EXO.16.18	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
a land wherein thou shalt eat bread without scarceness, thou shalt not lack any thing in it; a land whose stones are iron, and out of whose hills thou mayest dig brass. (Torah DEU.8.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* a land wherein thou shalt eat bread without scarceness, thou shalt not lack any thing in it; a land whose stones are iron, and out of whose hills thou mayest dig brass.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x2:1
# text = a land wherein thou shalt eat bread without scarceness, thou shalt not lack any thing in it; a land whose stones are iron, and out of whose hills thou mayest dig brass.
1	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nsubj	_	_
5	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	scarceness	scarceness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
12	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	lack	lack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
15	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
16	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
22	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
28	out	out	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
32	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	34	nsubj	_	_
33	mayest	may	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	dig	dig	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
35	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | shall | a land | bread |  |  |  | without scarceness; a land *obl*; wherein *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **lack** | shall | thou | any thing |  | land |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | iron's stones | iron |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **dig** | may | thou | brass |  | hills |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent brass=Theme out hill=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.8.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.8.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.8.9	DEU.8.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peradventure there shall lack five of the fifty righteous; wilt Thou destroy all the city for lack of five?' And He said: 'I will not destroy it, if I find there forty and five.' (Torah GEN.18.28, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Peradventure there shall lack five of the fifty righteous; wilt Thou destroy all the city for lack of five?'

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x3:1
# text = Peradventure there shall lack five of the fifty righteous; wilt Thou destroy all the city for lack of five?'
1	Peradventure	peradventure	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lack	lack	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	compound	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	_
9	righteous	righteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
13	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
14	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	16	det:predet	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | shall |  |  |  | there |  | peradventure *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **destroy** | future | Thou | all city |  |  |  | for lack of five | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* And He said: 'I will not destroy it, if I find there forty and five.'

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x3:2
# text = And He said: 'I will not destroy it, if I find there forty and five.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
15	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
16	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **destroy** | future | I | city |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **find** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | I | forty |  | there |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent forty=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Torah GEN.18.28, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x3:3
# text = (Torah GEN.18.28, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.18.28	GEN.18.28	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let thy garments be always white; and let thy head lack no oil. (Writings ECC.9.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Let thy garments be always white; and let thy head lack no oil.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x4:1
# text = Let thy garments be always white; and let thy head lack no oil.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	lack	lack	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | thy garments |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | infinitive | thy garments *not said here* |  |  |  |  | white *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **lack** | present | thy head | no oil |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings ECC.9.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x4:2
# text = (Writings ECC.9.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ECC.9.8	ECC.9.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the whelps of the lioness are scattered abroad. (Writings JOB.4.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the whelps of the lioness are scattered abroad.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x5:1
# text = The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the whelps of the lioness are scattered abroad.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	perisheth	perish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	whelps	whelp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	lioness	lioness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	scattered	scatter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
18	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perish** | present | the old lion |  |  |  |  | for lack of prey | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **scatter** | present · passive |  | the whelps of the lioness |  |  |  | abroad *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **lack** |  |  | prey |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.4.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.4.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.4.11	JOB.4.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He shall die for lack of instruction; and in the greatness of his folly he shall reel. (Writings PRO.5.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He shall die for lack of instruction; and in the greatness of his folly he shall reel.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x6:1
# text = He shall die for lack of instruction; and in the greatness of his folly he shall reel.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	instruction	instruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	greatness	greatness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	reel	reel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | shall | He |  |  |  |  | for lack of instruction | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for lack=Theme |
| 2 | **reel** | shall | he |  |  | the greatness of his folly |  |  | vn tingle-40.8.2 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **lack** |  |  | instruction |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.5.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x6:2
# text = (Writings PRO.5.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.5.23	PRO.5.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He lacks $3 to buy the book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x7:1
# text = He lacks $3 to buy the book.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lacks	lack	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	$	$	SYM	$	_	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the book |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team lacks 2 players.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x8:1
# text = The team lacks 2 players.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lacks	lack	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present | the team | 2 players |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class lacks 5 chairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x9:1
# text = The class lacks 5 chairs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lacks	lack	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	chairs	chair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present | the class | 5 chairs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much does she lack to have 50?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x10:1
# text = How much does she lack to have 50?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lack	lack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present · do-support | she | much |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | to-infinitive | she *not said here* | 50 |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 50=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plants died from a lack of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x11:1
# text = The plants died from a lack of water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past | the plants |  |  | a lack of water |  |  | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient from lack=Causer |
| 2 | **lack** |  |  | water |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lack of sleep makes it hard to think.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x12:1
# text = A lack of sleep makes it hard to think.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a lack of sleep | sleep |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | sleep *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lack** |  |  | sleep |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town lacks a swimming pool.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x13:1
# text = The town lacks a swimming pool.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lacks	lack	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present | the town | a swimming pool |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The game was stopped for lack of light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x14:1
# text = The game was stopped for lack of light.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	stopped	stop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past · passive |  | the game |  |  |  | for lack of light | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **lack** |  |  | light |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was no lack of society at our home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lack:x15:1
# text = There was no lack of society at our home.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	society	society	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | no lack of society at our home |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **lack** |  |  | society at our home |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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