---
title: leaf — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «leaf» in the Judaism dictionary: A leaf is one of the flat, usually green parts that grow on a plant or tree. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# leaf

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** leaf, flat green parts, extra flat piece, eyes, dove, Noah · **What happens:** be, grow, read, page, make, open · **To what, where:** one, plant, one sheet, book, extra flat piece, leaf · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«leaf» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 16 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [leaf in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/leaf.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A leaf is one of the flat, usually green parts that grow on a plant or tree.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:m1:1
# text = A leaf is one of the flat, usually green parts that grow on a plant or tree.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a leaf | one |  |  |  | of the flat green parts | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | the flat green parts |  |  | a plant or tree |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on plant=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A leaf is also one sheet of paper in a book, with a page on each side.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:m2:1
# text = A leaf is also one sheet of paper in a book, with a page on each side.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	sheet	sheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a leaf | one sheet and a page on each side |  | a book |  | of paper | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To leaf through a book is to turn its pages quickly without reading closely.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:m3:1
# text = To leaf through a book is to turn its pages quickly without reading closely.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
12	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
14	closely	closely	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | leaf through a book |  |  |  |  | quickly, turn *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **read** | gerund | leaf through a book *not said here* |  |  |  |  | closely *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **page** |  | leaf |  |  |  |  |  | nom page «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A leaf of a table is an extra flat piece that makes it bigger.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:m4:1
# text = A leaf of a table is an extra flat piece that makes it bigger.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a leaf of a table | a extra flat piece |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | a extra flat piece | leaf |  |  |  | big *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig-leaves together, and made themselves girdles. (Torah GEN.3.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig-leaves together, and made themselves girdles.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x1:1
# text = And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig-leaves together, and made themselves girdles.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nmod	_	_
6	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	appos	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	sewed	sew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
21	fig	fig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
24	together	together	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
28	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	27	obj	_	_
29	girdles	girdle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past · passive |  | the eyes of them |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | past | eyes *= eye* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | past | eyes *= eye* |  |  |  |  | naked *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **sew** | past | eyes *= eye* | fig leaves |  |  |  | together *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Product |
| 5 | **make** | past | eyes *= eye* *not said here* | leaves *= leaf* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset themselves=Beneficiary girdle=Product |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.3.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.3.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.3.7	GEN.3.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the dove came in to him at eventide; and lo in her mouth an olive-leaf freshly plucked; so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth. (Torah GEN.8.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the dove came in to him at eventide; and lo in her mouth an olive-leaf freshly plucked; so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x2:1
# text = And the dove came in to him at eventide; and lo in her mouth an olive-leaf freshly plucked; so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dove	dove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	eventide	eventide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
12	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	21	discourse	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	olive	olive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	freshly	freshly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	plucked	pluck	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	Noah	Noah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	abated	abate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	ccomp	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	off	off	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come in** | past | the dove |  | him *= he* | eventide |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **pluck** | participle · passive |  | a olive leaf |  | dove's mouth |  | freshly *property* | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **know** | past | Noah |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **abate** | past · passive |  | the waters |  | the earth |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.8.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.8.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.8.11	GEN.8.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wilt Thou harass a driven leaf? (Writings JOB.13.25, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Wilt Thou harass a driven leaf?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x3:1
# text = Wilt Thou harass a driven leaf?
1	Wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	harass	harass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harass** | future | Thou | a driven leaf |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus leaf=Experiencer |
| 2 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.13.25, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x3:2
# text = (Writings JOB.13.25, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.13.25	JOB.13.25	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For ye shall be as a terebinth whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water. (Prophets ISA.1.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For ye shall be as a terebinth whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x4:1
# text = For ye shall be as a terebinth whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
2	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	terebinth	terebinth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	advcl	_	_
8	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	fadeth	fade	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	19	det	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | shall | ye |  |  |  |  | as a terebinth | tree rules |
| 2 | **fade** | present | leaf |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | present | a garden | no water |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.1.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x4:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.1.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.1.30	ISA.1.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the doors had two leaves apiece, two turning leaves; two leaves for the one door, and two leaves for the other. (Prophets EZK.41.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the doors had two leaves apiece, two turning leaves; two leaves for the one door, and two leaves for the other.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x5:1
# text = And the doors had two leaves apiece, two turning leaves; two leaves for the one door, and two leaves for the other.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	apiece	apiece	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the doors | two leaves |  |  |  | two turning leaves *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |
| 2 | **turn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.41.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x5:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.41.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.41.24	EZK.41.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plant has 12 leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x6:1
# text = The plant has 12 leaves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the plant | 12 leaves |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
5 leaves fell off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x7:1
# text = 5 leaves fell off.
1	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | past | 5 leaves |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each clover has 3 leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x8:1
# text = Each clover has 3 leaves.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	clover	clover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each clover | 3 leaves |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many leaves are on 4 clovers?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x9:1
# text = How many leaves are on 4 clovers?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	clovers	clover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | many leaves |  |  | 4 clovers |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In autumn the maple leaves turn red and orange.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x10:1
# text = In autumn the maple leaves turn red and orange.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	maple	maple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | the maple leaves |  |  |  | autumn | red *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaves use sunlight to make food for the plant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x11:1
# text = Leaves use sunlight to make food for the plant.
1	Leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Leaves | sunlight |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunlight=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | Leaves *not said here* | food |  |  |  | for the plant | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent food=Material for plant=Beneficiary |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We raked the leaves into a big pile and jumped in it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x12:1
# text = We raked the leaves into a big pile and jumped in it.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raked	rake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | past | We | the leaves |  | a big pile |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme into pile=Destination |
| 2 | **jump** | past | We *not said here* |  |  | pile |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Trajectory |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She leafed through the comic book in the library.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x13:1
# text = She leafed through the comic book in the library.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leafed	leaf	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	comic	comic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leaf** | past | She |  |  | the comic book in the library |  |  | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through book=Location |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A four-leaf clover is said to bring good luck.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x14:1
# text = A four-leaf clover is said to bring good luck.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	clover	clover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | a leaf clover |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring** | to-infinitive |  | good luck |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent luck=Theme |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He promised to turn over a new leaf and do his homework on time.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x15:1
# text = He promised to turn over a new leaf and do his homework on time.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	promised	promise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **turn over** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | a new leaf |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme |
| 3 | **do** | infinitive | He *not said here* | his homework |  |  | time |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |

## Example 16 {#x16}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Round about him, not a leaf stirred.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:leaf:x16:1
# text = Round about him, not a leaf stirred.
1	Round	round	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
2	about	about	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stirred	stir	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **stir** | participle | a leaf |  |  |  |  | round *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [L in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/L/)