---
title: lore — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lore» in the Judaism dictionary: Lore is knowledge and stories handed down by a people, such as folk tales and customs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lore

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lore, It, old woman, Folk lore, Grandpa · **What happens:** be, hand down, mean, not be, regard, accord · **To what, where:** Lore knowledge, stories, body, subject, study, lore

<!-- .vabout -->
«lore» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lore in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/lore.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lore is knowledge and stories handed down by a people, such as folk tales and customs.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lore:m1:1
# text = Lore is knowledge and stories handed down by a people, such as folk tales and customs.
1	Lore	lore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	handed	hand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	customs	custom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Lore knowledge and stories |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hand down** | participle |  | stories *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lore can also mean a body of knowledge about one subject, such as bird lore.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lore:m2:1
# text = Lore can also mean a body of knowledge about one subject, such as bird lore.
1	Lore	lore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	lore	lore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Lore | a body of knowledge about one subject and bird lore |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It has been the subject of deep study, not only to the mystic, who regarded it as the source ot esoteric lore, but also to the philosopher and the Talmudist. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It has been the subject of deep study, not only to the mystic, who regarded it as the source ot esoteric lore, but also to the philosopher and the Talmudist.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lore:x1:1
# text = It has been the subject of deep study, not only to the mystic, who regarded it as the source ot esoteric lore, but also to the philosopher and the Talmudist.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	mystic	mystic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	regarded	regard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	ot	ot	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	esoteric	esoteric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	lore	lore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
27	also	also	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	philosopher	philosopher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	parataxis	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Talmudist	Talmudist	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present · perfect | It | the subject |  |  |  | of deep study | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **regard** | past |  | study |  |  |  | as the source and esoteric lore | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent it=Theme as source=Value |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lore:x1:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old woman knew the lore of herbs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lore:x2:1
# text = The old woman knew the lore of herbs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lore	lore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	herbs	herb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | the old woman | the lore of herbs |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer lore=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Folk lore is full of talking animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lore:x3:1
# text = Folk lore is full of talking animals.
1	Folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	lore	lore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Folk lore |  |  |  |  | of talking animals; full *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **talk** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa shared his lore about the stars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:lore:x4:1
# text = Grandpa shared his lore about the stars.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shared	share	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	lore	lore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | past | Grandpa | Grandpa's lore |  |  |  | about the stars | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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