---
title: manna — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «manna» in the Judaism dictionary: Manna was the special food that, the Bible says, God sent from heaven each morning to feed the Israelites in the desert after they left Egypt. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# manna

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Manna, Bible, God, Israelites, you, dew · **What happens:** be, say, send, feed, leave, need · **To what, where:** special food, that, heaven, Israelites, desert, Egypt · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«manna» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [manna in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/manna.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Manna was the special food that, the Bible says, God sent from heaven each morning to feed the Israelites in the desert after they left Egypt.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:m1:1
# text = Manna was the special food that, the Bible says, God sent from heaven each morning to feed the Israelites in the desert after they left Egypt.
1	Manna	Manna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Israelites	Israelite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
28	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Manna | the special food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Bible | that |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **send** | past | God |  |  | heaven | morning |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from heaven=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **feed** | to-infinitive | God *not said here* | the Israelites |  | the desert |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent israelite=Value in desert=Location |
| 5 | **leave** | past | Israelites *= israelite* | Egypt |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egypt=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something good and unexpected that you need very much: «manna from heaven».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:m2:1
# text = Something good and unexpected that you need very much: «manna from heaven».
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	unexpected	unexpected	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the manna was like coriander seed, and the appearance thereof as the appearance of bdellium. (Torah NUM.11.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Now the manna was like coriander seed, and the appearance thereof as the appearance of bdellium.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x1:1
# text = Now the manna was like coriander seed, and the appearance thereof as the appearance of bdellium.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	coriander	coriander	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	bdellium	bdellium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the manna |  |  |  | now | like coriander seed and the appearance as the appearance of bdellium | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.11.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.11.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.11.7	NUM.11.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when the dew fell upon the camp in the night, the manna fell upon it. — (Torah NUM.11.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x2:1
# text = And when the dew fell upon the camp in the night, the manna fell upon it. — (Torah NUM.11.9, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
19	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	NUM.11.9	NUM.11.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
25	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | the dew |  |  | the camp | night |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon camp=Location |
| 2 | **fall** | past | the manna | Torah NUM.11.9 |  | dew |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon it=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
but now our soul is dried away; there is nothing at all; we have nought save this manna to look to.' — (Torah NUM.11.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x3:1
# text = but now our soul is dried away; there is nothing at all; we have nought save this manna to look to.' — (Torah NUM.11.6, JPS 1917)
1	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	10	nsubj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
17	nought	nought	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	16	obj	_	_
18	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
26	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	NUM.11.6	NUM.11.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	_
32	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry away** | present · passive |  | our soul |  |  | now | Torah NUM.11.6 *obl*; away *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **be** | present | nothing |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | present | we | nought |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **save** | infinitive | nought *not said here* | this manna |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manna=Theme |
| 5 | **look** | to-infinitive | nought *not said here* | this manna *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And He caused manna to rain upon them for food, and gave them of the corn of heaven. (Writings PSA.78.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And He caused manna to rain upon them for food, and gave them of the corn of heaven.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x4:1
# text = And He caused manna to rain upon them for food, and gave them of the corn of heaven.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	acl	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	iobj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | He | manna |  |  |  | upon them *= they*; for food | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition manna=Patient |
| 2 | **give** | past | He *not said here* |  | them *= they* |  |  | of the corn of heaven | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.78.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.78.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.78.24	PSA.78.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou gavest also Thy good spirit to instruct them, and withheldest not Thy manna from their mouth, and gavest them water for their thirst. (Writings NEH.9.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou gavest also Thy good spirit to instruct them, and withheldest not Thy manna from their mouth, and gavest them water for their thirst.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x5:1
# text = Thou gavest also Thy good spirit to instruct them, and withheldest not Thy manna from their mouth, and gavest them water for their thirst.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gavest	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	instruct	instruct	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	withheldest	withhold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
14	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	gavest	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	thirst	thirst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Thou | Thy good spirit |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Theme |
| 2 | **instruct** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Thou *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 3 | **not** **withhold** | past | Thou *not said here* | Thy manna |  | their mouth |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | past | Thou *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  | for their thirst | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent they=Recipient water=Theme for thirst=Asset |
| 5 | **thirst** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom thirst «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings NEH.9.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x5:2
# text = (Writings NEH.9.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	NEH.9.20	NEH.9.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the manna ceased on the morrow, after they had eaten of the produce of the land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year. (Prophets JOS.5.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the manna ceased on the morrow, after they had eaten of the produce of the land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year.

<!-- fold The tree, 40 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x6:1
# text = And the manna ceased on the morrow, after they had eaten of the produce of the land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	ceased	cease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	morrow	morrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	produce	produce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	any	any	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
32	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	parataxis	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	Canaan	Canaan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
42	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	43	det	_	_
43	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | participle | the manna |  |  | the morrow |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **eat** | past · perfect | they |  |  |  |  | of the produce of the land | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of produce=Source |
| 3 | **have** | past |  | the children of Israel manna |  |  |  | neither *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient |
| 4 | **eat** | past · do-support | children *= child* |  |  |  | year | of the fruit of the land of Canaan | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of fruit=Source |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOS.5.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x6:2
# text = (Prophets JOS.5.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOS.5.12	JOS.5.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the desert the Israelites ate manna every morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x7:1
# text = In the desert the Israelites ate manna every morning.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Israelites	Israelite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | the Israelites | manna |  | the desert | morning |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manna=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Bible says manna tasted like wafers made with honey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x8:1
# text = The Bible says manna tasted like wafers made with honey.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	tasted	taste	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wafers	wafer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	honey	honey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Bible |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **taste** | past | manna |  |  |  |  | like wafers | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | wafers *not said here* |  |  |  | with honey | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The people were told to gather only enough manna for one day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x9:1
# text = The people were told to gather only enough manna for one day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	gather	gather	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past · passive |  | the people |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **gather** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the people *not said here* | enough manna |  |  | day |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manna=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The surprise money was manna from heaven for the poor family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x10:1
# text = The surprise money was manna from heaven for the poor family.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the surprise money | manna |  | heaven |  | for the poor family | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For the hungry walkers, the café was like manna.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x11:1
# text = For the hungry walkers, the café was like manna.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	walkers	walker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the café |  |  |  |  | like manna; for the hungry walkers | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moses told the people that the manna came from God.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x12:1
# text = Moses told the people that the manna came from God.
1	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	iobj	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Moses |  | the people |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come** | past | the manna |  |  |  |  | from God | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from god=Initial\_Location |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rain was manna from heaven for the dry farms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:manna:x13:1
# text = The rain was manna from heaven for the dry farms.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	manna	manna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the rain | manna |  | heaven |  | for the dry farms | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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