---
title: meaning — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «meaning» in the Judaism dictionary: The meaning of a word or sign is what it stands for or expresses. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# meaning

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** meaning, ing form, I, שְׁטוּחָה shetuchah, words, red light · **What happens:** be, stand for, express, mean, call, plan · **To what, where:** word, purpose, something, life, poem, ing form · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«meaning» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [meaning in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/meaning.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The meaning of a word or sign is what it stands for or expresses.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:m1:1
# text = The meaning of a word or sign is what it stands for or expresses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	expresses	express	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the meaning of a word or sign |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stand for** | present | meaning |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **express** | present | meaning *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **mean** |  |  | a word or sign |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The meaning of something is its purpose or importance: the meaning of life, a life full of meaning.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:m2:1
# text = The meaning of something is its purpose or importance: the meaning of life, a life full of meaning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	importance	importance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
18	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the meaning of something | meaning's purpose or importance and the meaning of life and a life |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **mean** |  |  | life |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hidden message or idea behind something: the meaning of a poem or a dream.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:m3:1
# text = The hidden message or idea behind something: the meaning of a poem or a dream.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hidden	hidden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** |  |  | a poem or a dream |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Meaning» is also the -ing form of «mean».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:m4:1
# text = «Meaning» is also the -ing form of «mean».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	ing	ing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Meaning | the ing form |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** *in a quote* | infinitive | the ing form *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I've been meaning to call you (planning to).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:m4e:1
# text = I've been meaning to call you (planning to).
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	've	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux	_	_
4	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	planning	plan	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present · perfect · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **call** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  | you |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
| 3 | **plan** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The meaning of Belimah is more doubtful. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The meaning of Belimah is more doubtful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x1:1
# text = The meaning of Belimah is more doubtful.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Belimah	Belimah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
7	doubtful	doubtful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the meaning of Belimah |  |  |  |  | doubtful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** |  |  | Belimah |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What was intended was שְׁטוּחָה shetuchah, meaning ‘flat’. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* What was intended was שְׁטוּחָה shetuchah, meaning ‘flat’.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x2:1
# text = What was intended was שְׁטוּחָה shetuchah, meaning ‘flat’.
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	intended	intend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	שְׁטוּחָה	שְׁטוּחָה	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	shetuchah	shetuchah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **intend** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING» |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | שְׁטוּחָה shetuchah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund | שְׁטוּחָה shetuchah *not said here* |  |  |  |  | flat *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
18) Meaning outlets, outgates of the creative power, formations. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 18) Meaning outlets, outgates of the creative power, formations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x3:1
# text = 18) Meaning outlets, outgates of the creative power, formations.
1	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	outlets	outlet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	outgates	outgate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	creative	creative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	formations	formation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is the meaning of «enormous»?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x4:1
# text = What is the meaning of «enormous»?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	enormous	enormous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the meaning of enormous |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some words have more than one meaning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x5:1
# text = Some words have more than one meaning.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	6	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | some words | one meaning |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The red light has a clear meaning: stop!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x6:1
# text = The red light has a clear meaning: stop!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the red light | a clear meaning |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient |
| 2 | **stop** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We discussed the meaning of the poem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x7:1
# text = We discussed the meaning of the poem.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	discussed	discuss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discuss** *speech: other* | past | We | the meaning of the poem |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Topic |
| 2 | **mean** |  |  | the poem |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Helping others gives her life meaning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x8:1
# text = Helping others gives her life meaning.
1	Helping	help	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | gerund |  | others |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **give** | present | Helping | her life meaning |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jesus told parables with a deeper meaning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x9:1
# text = Jesus told parables with a deeper meaning.
1	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	parables	parable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	iobj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	deeper	deep	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Jesus |  | parables |  |  | with a deeper meaning | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent parable=Recipient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I've been meaning to tidy my room all week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x10:1
# text = I've been meaning to tidy my room all week.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	've	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux	_	_
4	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	tidy	tidy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present · perfect · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **tidy** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my room |  |  | week |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shrug can have many meanings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x11:1
# text = A shrug can have many meanings.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shrug	shrug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	meanings	meaning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | can | a shrug | many meanings |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He understood the gypsy woman's meaning now.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:meaning:x12:1
# text = He understood the gypsy woman's meaning now.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	gypsy	gypsy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past | He | the gypsy woman's meaning |  |  | now |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer meaning=Stimulus |
| 2 | **mean** |  | the gypsy woman |  |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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