---
title: message — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «message» in the Judaism dictionary: A piece of information that someone sends or leaves for another person, in words, writing or on a phone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# message

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** information, story, main idea, they, father, one · **What happens:** send, leave, write, want, tell, say · **To what, where:** words, chat note, phone, main idea, text message, someone · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«message» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [message in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/message.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A piece of information that someone sends or leaves for another person, in words, writing or on a phone.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:m1:1
# text = A piece of information that someone sends or leaves for another person, in words, writing or on a phone.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
7	sends	send	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	writing	write	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | present | information |  |  | words |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in word=Destination |
| 2 | **leave** | present | information *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for another person | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for person=Recipient |
| 3 | **write** | gerund | information *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A text, email or chat note sent on a phone or computer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:m2:1
# text = A text, email or chat note sent on a phone or computer.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	chat	chat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | participle |  | chat note *not said here* |  | a phone or computer |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The main idea or lesson that a story, film or poem wants to tell.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:m3:1
# text = The main idea or lesson that a story, film or poem wants to tell.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | a story and film or poem | the main idea or lesson *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the main idea or lesson *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Verb (informal): to send someone a text message.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:m4:1
# text = Verb (informal): to send someone a text message.
1	Verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | to-infinitive |  | a text message | someone |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent someone=Destination message=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they sent a message unto Joseph, saying: 'Thy father did command before he died, saying: (Torah GEN.50.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x1:1
# text = And they sent a message unto Joseph, saying: 'Thy father did command before he died, saying: (Torah GEN.50.16, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
15	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	GEN.50.16	GEN.50.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	flat	_	_
27	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | they | a message |  |  |  | unto Joseph | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **do** | past | Thy father | command |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent command=Eventuality |
| 4 | **die** | past | father |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | they *not said here* | Torah GEN.50.16 |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent gen.50.16=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And whom shall one make to understand the message? (Prophets ISA.28.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And whom shall one make to understand the message?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x2:1
# text = And whom shall one make to understand the message?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	obj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | shall | one |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **understand** | to-infinitive | one *not said here* | the message |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer message=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.28.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x2:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.28.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.28.9	ISA.28.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then Esther spoke unto Hathach, and gave him a message unto Mordecai: (Writings EST.4.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x3:1
# text = Then Esther spoke unto Hathach, and gave him a message unto Mordecai: (Writings EST.4.10, JPS 1917)
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Esther	Esther	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Hathach	Hathach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	iobj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Mordecai	Mordecai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
17	EST.4.10	EST.4.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
20	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Esther | Writings |  |  | then | unto Hathach | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** | past | Esther *not said here* | a message | Esther |  |  | unto Mordecai | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient message=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Ehud said: 'I have a message from God unto thee.' And he arose out of his seat. (Prophets JDG.3.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Ehud said: 'I have a message from God unto thee.'

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x4:1
# text = And Ehud said: 'I have a message from God unto thee.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Ehud	Ehud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ehud |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present | I | a message |  |  |  | from God; unto thee | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* And he arose out of his seat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x4:2
# text = And he arose out of his seat.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | Ehud |  |  | Ehud's seat |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out seat=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Prophets JDG.3.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x4:3
# text = (Prophets JDG.3.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JDG.3.20	JDG.3.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum sent me a message to say she was late.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x5:1
# text = Mum sent me a message to say she was late.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Mum | a message | me |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination message=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | Mum |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can I take a message for your dad?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x6:1
# text = Can I take a message for your dad?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | can | I | a message |  |  |  | for your dad | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent message=Theme for dad=Beneficiary |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't reply to messages from strangers online.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x7:1
# text = Don't reply to messages from strangers online.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	reply	reply	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	online	online	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **reply** *speech: assert* | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | strangers |  | to messages; online *property* | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to message=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The message of the fable is that slow and steady wins the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x8:1
# text = The message of the fable is that slow and steady wins the race.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fable	fable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	_
8	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	steady	steady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nsubj	_	_
11	wins	win	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the message of the fable |  |  |  |  | slow *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **win** | present | steady | the race |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nerves carry messages from your brain to your muscles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x9:1
# text = Nerves carry messages from your brain to your muscles.
1	Nerves	nerve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | Nerves | messages |  | your brain |  | to your muscles | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme from brain=Initial\_Location to muscle=Destination |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I left a message on Grandma's phone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x10:1
# text = I left a message on Grandma's phone.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | I | a message |  | Grandma's phone |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent message=Theme on phone=Location |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She messaged me after school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x11:1
# text = She messaged me after school.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	messaged	message	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **message** | past | She | me |  |  | after school |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The message in the bottle was found on the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:message:x12:1
# text = The message in the bottle was found on the beach.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · passive |  | the message in the bottle |  | the beach |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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