---
title: musing — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «musing» in the Judaism dictionary: Musing is thinking quietly and slowly about something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# musing

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Musings, person, you, musing, I, my · **What happens:** muse, think, be, have, let, rejoice · **To what, where:** thoughts, musing, I, him · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«musing» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [musing in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/musing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Musing is thinking quietly and slowly about something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:m1:1
# text = Musing is thinking quietly and slowly about something.
1	Musing	muse	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **muse** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  | about something; quietly *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about something=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Musings are thoughts a person has while thinking quietly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:m2:1
# text = Musings are thoughts a person has while thinking quietly.
1	Musings	musing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Musings | thoughts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | a person | thoughts *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thought=Patient |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | quietly *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let my musing be sweet unto Him; as for me, I will rejoice in the LORD. (Writings PSA.104.34, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Let my musing be sweet unto Him; as for me, I will rejoice in the LORD.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:x1:1
# text = Let my musing be sweet unto Him; as for me, I will rejoice in the LORD.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	musing	musing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | my musing |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent musing=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | my musing *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Him *= he*; sweet *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **rejoice** | future | I |  |  |  |  | as me; in the LORD | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **muse** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom musing «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.104.34, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.104.34, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.104.34	PSA.104.34	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My heart waxed hot within me; while I was musing, the fire kindled; then spoke I with my tongue: (Writings PSA.39.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:x2:1
# text = My heart waxed hot within me; while I was musing, the fire kindled; then spoke I with my tongue: (Writings PSA.39.4, JPS 1917)
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	waxed	wax	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	musing	muse	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	_
18	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	_
26	PSA.39.4	PSA.39.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	flat	_	_
29	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	25	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wax** | past | My heart |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **muse** | past · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **kindle** | past | the fire |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | past |  | I |  |  | then | with my tongue | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He walked on, musing on the strange affair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:x3:1
# text = He walked on, musing on the strange affair.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	musing	muse	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	affair	affair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk on** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **muse** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the strange affair | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on affair=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His musings kept him from noticing the time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:x4:1
# text = His musings kept him from noticing the time.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	musings	musing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	noticing	notice	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | His musings | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **notice** | gerund | His musings *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **muse** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom musing «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her musings were full of happy memories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:musing:x5:1
# text = Her musings were full of happy memories.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	musings	musing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	memories	memory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Her musings |  |  |  |  | of happy memories; full *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **muse** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom musing «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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