---
title: nay — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nay» in the Judaism dictionary: Nay means «no». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nay

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** He, thou, they, servants, people, we · **What happens:** mean, use, add, be, say, do · **To what, where:** stronger word, that, no vote, laugh, food, nakedness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«nay» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nay in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/nay.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nay means «no».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:m1:1
# text = Nay means «no».
1	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	no	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent no=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nay is used to add a stronger word: «It was hard, nay, impossible», meaning «not only that, but even».

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:m2:1
# text = Nay is used to add a stronger word: «It was hard, nay, impossible», meaning «not only that, but even».
1	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	add	add	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	expl	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	13	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	impossible	impossible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	parataxis	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
23	only	only	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	even	even	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  | a stronger word |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **mean** | gerund |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A nay is a «no» vote, as in «the ayes and the nays».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:m3:1
# text = A nay is a «no» vote, as in «the ayes and the nays».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
2	nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	no	no	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	vote	vote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	ayes	ay	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	appos	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	nays	nay	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a no vote |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And He said: 'Nay; but thou didst laugh.' (Torah GEN.18.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And He said: 'Nay; but thou didst laugh.'

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x1:1
# text = And He said: 'Nay; but thou didst laugh.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
10	didst	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	laugh	laugh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | past | thou | laugh |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laugh=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.18.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.18.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.18.15	GEN.18.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they said unto him: 'Nay, my lord, but to buy food are thy servants come. (Torah GEN.42.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they said unto him: 'Nay, my lord, but to buy food are thy servants come.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x2:1
# text = And they said unto him: 'Nay, my lord, but to buy food are thy servants come.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
16	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | they |  |  |  |  | unto him *= he* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nay=Topic |
| 2 | **buy** | to-infinitive | they *not said here* | food |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | thy servants |  |  |  |  | come *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.42.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.42.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.42.10	GEN.42.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he said unto them: 'Nay, but to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.' (Torah GEN.42.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he said unto them: 'Nay, but to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.'

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x3:1
# text = And he said unto them: 'Nay, but to see the nakedness of the land ye are come.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	12	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	nakedness	nakedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  | unto them *= they* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive |  | the nakedness of the land |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nakedness=Stimulus |
| 3 | **come** | present · passive |  | ye |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.42.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.42.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.42.12	GEN.42.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nay; but He would give heed unto me. (Writings JOB.23.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Nay; but He would give heed unto me.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x4:1
# text = Nay; but He would give heed unto me.
1	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | would | He | heed |  |  |  | unto me | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.23.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x4:2
# text = (Writings JOB.23.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.23.6	JOB.23.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the people said unto Joshua: 'Nay; but we will serve the LORD.' (Prophets JOS.24.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the people said unto Joshua: 'Nay; but we will serve the LORD.'

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x5:1
# text = And the people said unto Joshua: 'Nay; but we will serve the LORD.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the people |  |  |  |  | unto Joshua | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nay=Topic |
| 2 | **serve** | future | we | the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOS.24.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x5:2
# text = (Prophets JOS.24.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOS.24.21	JOS.24.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they said unto her: 'Nay, but we will return with thee unto thy people.' (Writings RUT.1.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they said unto her: 'Nay, but we will return with thee unto thy people.'

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x6:1
# text = And they said unto her: 'Nay, but we will return with thee unto thy people.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	obl	_	_
16	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | they |  |  |  |  | unto her *= she* | tree rules |
| 2 | **return** | future | we |  |  |  |  | with thee; unto thy people | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings RUT.1.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x6:2
# text = (Writings RUT.1.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	RUT.1.10	RUT.1.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Nay, my lord,» said the knight, «I will not go.»

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x7:1
# text = «Nay, my lord,» said the knight, «I will not go.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | my lord | the knight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **go** *in a quote* | future | my lord *= lord* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vote was ten yeas and four nays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x8:1
# text = The vote was ten yeas and four nays.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vote	vote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	yeas	yea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	nays	nay	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the vote | ten yeas and four nays |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The task was difficult, nay, impossible.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x9:1
# text = The task was difficult, nay, impossible.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	task	task	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	impossible	impossible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the task |  |  |  |  | difficult *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the task *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the King James Bible: «Let your yea be yea; and your nay, nay.»

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x10:1
# text = In the King James Bible: «Let your yea be yea; and your nay, nay.»
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	James	James	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
12	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	16	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the King James Bible |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The senators shouted «nay!».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x11:1
# text = The senators shouted «nay!».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	senators	senator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | the senators |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whether you say yea or nay, we must decide tonight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x12:1
# text = Whether you say yea or nay, we must decide tonight.
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	3	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	decide	decide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	tonight	tonight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent yea=Topic |
| 2 | **decide** | must | we |  |  |  | tonight |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Nay,” purred Bagheera, “that may not be.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:nay:x13:1
# text = “Nay,” purred Bagheera, “that may not be.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	purred	purr	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	Bagheera	Bagheera	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	nsubj	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **purr** | participle |  | Bagheera |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bagheera=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **be** *in a quote* | may | that |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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