---
title: noun — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «noun» in the Judaism dictionary: A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing or idea, like «girl», «London», «ball» or «happiness». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# noun

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** noun, word, proper noun, common noun, syntax, word sefirot · **What happens:** be, name, start, have, require, count · **To what, where:** word, person, special name, general name, capital, sentence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«noun» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [noun in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/noun.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing or idea, like «girl», «London», «ball» or «happiness».

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:m1:1
# text = A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing or idea, like «girl», «London», «ball» or «happiness».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	names	name	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	happiness	happiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a noun | a word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** | present | a word | a person and place and thing or idea |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A proper noun is the special name of one person, place or thing and starts with a capital letter, like «Emma» or «Canada».

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:m2:1
# text = A proper noun is the special name of one person, place or thing and starts with a capital letter, like «Emma» or «Canada».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	proper	proper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	like	like	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	Emma	Emma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a proper noun | the special name |  |  |  | of one person and place or thing | tree rules |
| 2 | **start** | present | a proper noun *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a capital letter  Canada | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with letter=Subeventuality |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A common noun is a general name, like «dog» or «city», and has no capital unless it starts a sentence.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:m3:1
# text = A common noun is a general name, like «dog» or «city», and has no capital unless it starts a sentence.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
20	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	21	det	_	_
21	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a common noun | a general name and dog or city |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present |  | no capital |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capital=Patient |
| 3 | **start** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | noun | a sentence |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The word סָפַר safar is technically a finite verb, and not a noun as the syntax requires. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The word סָפַר safar is technically a finite verb, and not a noun as the syntax requires.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x1:1
# text = The word סָפַר safar is technically a finite verb, and not a noun as the syntax requires.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	סָפַר	סָפַר	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	safar	safar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	technically	technically	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	finite	finite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	syntax	syntax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the word | a finite verb |  |  |  | technically *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **require** | present | the syntax |  |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The word sefirot by itself is the plural action noun of סָפַר safar 'to count', thus meaning literally 'countings'. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The word sefirot by itself is the plural action noun of סָפַר safar 'to count', thus meaning literally 'countings'.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x2:1
# text = The word sefirot by itself is the plural action noun of סָפַר safar 'to count', thus meaning literally 'countings'.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sefirot	sefirot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	סָפַר	סָפַר	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
13	safar	safar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	',	',	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
20	literally	literally	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	countings	counting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the word sefirot by sefirot | the plural action noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **count** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of safar | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund |  | countings |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent counting=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If it is read as one word, it must be the action noun of בָּלַם balam 'to restrain, withhold, keep (from)'; see SY 1:8. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* If it is read as one word, it must be the action noun of בָּלַם balam 'to restrain, withhold, keep (from)'; see SY 1:8.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x3:1
# text = If it is read as one word, it must be the action noun of בָּלַם balam 'to restrain, withhold, keep (from)'; see SY 1:8.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
10	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	בָּלַם	בָּלַם	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
17	balam	balam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
18	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	restrain	restrain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	withhold	withhold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
25	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	see	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
31	SY	SY	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
32	1:8	1:8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  | as one word | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as word=Attribute |
| 2 | **is a** | must | word | the action noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **restrain** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of balam | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |
| 4 | **withhold** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **keep** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **see** | infinitive |  | SY |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sy=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Cat» is a noun because it names an animal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x4:1
# text = «Cat» is a noun because it names an animal.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	names	name	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cat | a noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** | present | Cat | a animal |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Paris» is a proper noun, so it needs a capital letter.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x5:1
# text = «Paris» is a proper noun, so it needs a capital letter.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	proper	proper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Paris | a proper noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **need** | present | noun | a capital letter |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot letter=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Find all the nouns in this sentence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x6:1
# text = Find all the nouns in this sentence.
1	Find	find	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | imperative | you *not said here* | all nouns |  | this sentence |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent noun=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Love» and «fear» are abstract nouns.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x7:1
# text = «Love» and «fear» are abstract nouns.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	abstract	abstract	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Love and fear | abstract nouns |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Flock» is a collective noun for a group of birds or sheep.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x8:1
# text = «Flock» is a collective noun for a group of birds or sheep.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Flock | a collective noun |  |  |  | for a group of birds or sheep | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Add «s» to most nouns to make the plural: «book, books».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x9:1
# text = Add «s» to most nouns to make the plural: «book, books».
1	Add	add	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	s	s	X	AFX	_	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | s |  |  |  | to most nouns; book *obl* | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent s=Patient to noun=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the plural |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plural=Product |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In «The old man smiled», the noun is «man».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x10:1
# text = In «The old man smiled», the noun is «man».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smile** *in a quote* | past | the old man |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the noun | man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My teacher calls nouns «naming words».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:noun:x11:1
# text = My teacher calls nouns «naming words».
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	calls	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	naming	name	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** *speech: assert* | present | My teacher | nouns |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent noun=Recipient |
| 2 | **name** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [N in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/N/)