---
title: older — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «older» in the Judaism dictionary: Older means having lived more years than someone else. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/O/older/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [O](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/O/) / older

# older

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Older, invention, arrancjement, earliest abacus, my, Elihu · **What happens:** mean, have, live, make, use, represent · **To what, where:** numbers, Signs, con trary, case, sexagesimal position, decimal position · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«older» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [older in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/older.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Older means having lived more years than someone else.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:m1:1
# text = Older means having lived more years than someone else.
1	Older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	amod	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod	_	_
9	else	else	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Older |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *not said to happen* | gerund | Older *not said here* |  |  |  | year |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **live** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Older means made or used longer ago than something else: «an older house».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:m2:1
# text = Older means made or used longer ago than something else: «an older house».
1	Older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
7	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
10	else	else	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	15	amod	_	_
15	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Older |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'"The invention of Signs to represent numbers is doubtless much older than any form ol writing" (Chambers Encyclopaedia, 1893, Vol. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x1:1
# text = '"The invention of Signs to represent numbers is doubtless much older than any form ol writing" (Chambers Encyclopaedia, 1893, Vol. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Signs	Sign	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	represent	represent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
9	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	doubtless	doubtless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	much	much	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	18	det	_	_
16	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
17	ol	ol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Chambers	chamber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	appos	_	_
22	Encyclopaedia	Encyclopaedia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	Vol.	vol.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	appos	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	conj	_	_
36	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	38	case	_	_
37	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	fixed	_	_
38	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
39	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	flat	_	_
40	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **represent** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the invention of Signs *not said here* | numbers |  |  |  |  | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot number=Theme |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the invention of Signs |  |  |  |  | than any form ol writing; old *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **invent** *in a quote* |  |  | Signs |  |  |  |  | nom invention «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
end, leads to the conclusion that the arrancjement of the Arabic alphabet is older than that of the Hebrew, although tlie con- trary is generally believed to be the case. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* end, leads to the conclusion that the arrancjement of the Arabic alphabet is older than that of the Hebrew, although tlie con- trary is generally believed to be the case.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x2:1
# text = end, leads to the conclusion that the arrancjement of the Arabic alphabet is older than that of the Hebrew, although tlie con- trary is generally believed to be the case.
1	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	leads	lead	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	arrancjement	arrancjement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	advcl	_	_
16	than	than	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Hebrew	Hebrew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
22	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
23	tlie	tlie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	con	con	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	_
26	trary	trary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
28	generally	generally	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	believed	believe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	cop	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the conclusion | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to conclusion=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | the arrancjement of the Arabic alphabet |  |  |  |  | than that; old *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **believe** | present · passive |  | con trary |  |  |  | generally *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | the case |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x2:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In my opinion, the sexagesimal position originated from the decimal position, and not the reverse ; for the earliest abacus, which was doubtless based on a decimal position, is older than the (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 43 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x3:1
# text = In my opinion, the sexagesimal position originated from the decimal position, and not the reverse ; for the earliest abacus, which was doubtless based on a decimal position, is older than the (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sexagesimal	sexagesimal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	originated	originate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	decimal	decimal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	reverse	reverse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	22	amod	_	_
22	abacus	abacus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	doubtless	doubtless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
27	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	decimal	decimal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
33	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
34	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
35	than	than	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	appos	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	nmod	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	conj	_	_
46	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	48	case	_	_
47	to	to	ADP	IN	_	46	fixed	_	_
48	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	_
49	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	flat	_	_
50	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	51	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	41	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	41	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **originate** | participle |  | the sexagesimal position *not said here* |  | the decimal position |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the earliest abacus |  |  |  |  | doubtless *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **base** | participle |  |  |  | a decimal position |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on position=Source |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  | my opinion and the sexagesimal position and the reverse and the earliest abacus |  | than the Mordell; old *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **opine** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom opinion «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now Elihu had waited to speak unto Job, because they were older than he. (Writings JOB.32.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Now Elihu had waited to speak unto Job, because they were older than he.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x4:1
# text = Now Elihu had waited to speak unto Job, because they were older than he.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	Elihu	Elihu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	waited	wait	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Job	Job	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past · perfect | Elihu |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Elihu *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Job | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | they |  |  |  |  | than Elihu; old *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.32.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x4:2
# text = (Writings JOB.32.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.32.4	JOB.32.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With us are both the gray-headed and the very aged men, much older than thy father. (Writings JOB.15.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* With us are both the gray-headed and the very aged men, much older than thy father.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x5:1
# text = With us are both the gray-headed and the very aged men, much older than thy father.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
4	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc:preconj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
6	gray	gray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	headed	head	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	aged	aged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	much	much	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
17	than	than	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **head** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the aged men |  |  |  |  | with us; than thy father; old *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.15.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.15.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.15.10	JOB.15.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anna is 3 years older than Tom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x6:1
# text = Anna is 3 years older than Tom.
1	Anna	Anna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Anna |  |  |  | year | than Tom; old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam is 10 and Max is 2 years older.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x7:1
# text = Sam is 10 and Max is 2 years older.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
5	Max	Max	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sam | 10 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Max |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much older is Mia than Zoe?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x8:1
# text = How much older is Mia than Zoe?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Zoe	Zoe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | much Mia |  |  |  | than Zoe | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My older sister goes to high school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x9:1
# text = My older sister goes to high school.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | My older sister |  |  | high school |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees get taller as they get older.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x10:1
# text = Trees get taller as they get older.
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | Trees |  |  |  |  | tall *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **get** | present | Trees *= tree* |  |  |  |  | old *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This phone is older than mine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x11:1
# text = This phone is older than mine.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this phone |  |  |  |  | than mine; old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma is 40 years older than me.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x12:1
# text = Grandma is 40 years older than me.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Grandma |  |  |  | year | than me; old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The older children help the little ones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x13:1
# text = The older children help the little ones.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the older children | the little ones |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Beneficiary |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they grew older and wiser.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:older:x14:1
# text = And they grew older and wiser.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	wiser	wise	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | they |  |  |  |  | old *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [old](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/O/old/)
- next →: [olive](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/O/olive/)
- ↑ back to [O in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/O/)