---
title: opposing — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «opposing» in the Judaism dictionary: Being against someone or something in a game, fight or argument (the opposing team). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# opposing

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plan, numeral one, two opposing principles, Sefer iv, We, two friends · **What happens:** be, oppose, concern, say, follow, accord · **To what, where:** views, new road, fitting symbolization, opposing team, opposing views, plan · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«opposing» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [opposing in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/opposing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being against someone or something in a game, fight or argument (the opposing team).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:m1:1
# text = Being against someone or something in a game, fight or argument (the opposing team).
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	cop	_	_
2	against	against	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | against someone | tree rules |
| 2 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very different or opposite (opposing views).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:m2:1
# text = Very different or opposite (opposing views).
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	opposite	opposite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	views	view	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oppose** | gerund |  | views |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent view=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb form — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being against a plan or idea (they are opposing the new road).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:m3:1
# text = Being against a plan or idea (they are opposing the new road).
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
2	against	against	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	acl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | against a plan or idea | tree rules |
| 2 | **oppose** | present · progressive | plan | the new road |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The numeral one 1 and the zero 0 are a fitting symbolization of the two opposing principles concerning which the Sefer Yetzirah iv\> "23) says as follows: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 40 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x1:1
# text = The numeral one 1 and the zero 0 are a fitting symbolization of the two opposing principles concerning which the Sefer Yetzirah iv> "23) says as follows: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
4	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	zero	zero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	0	0	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	fitting	fitting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	symbolization	symbolization	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
16	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	amod	_	_
17	principles	principle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
18	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	obj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
22	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	flat	_	_
23	iv	iv	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	>	>	SYM	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	26	case	_	_
25	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	23	23	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	_
28	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	parataxis	_	_
29	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
30	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
32	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	appos	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	conj	_	_
41	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	43	case	_	_
42	to	to	ADP	IN	_	41	fixed	_	_
43	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	_
44	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	flat	_	_
45	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	46	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	33	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	46	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the numeral one and the zero | a fitting symbolization |  |  |  | of the two opposing principles | tree rules |
| 2 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the two opposing principles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | the Sefer iv \> 23 |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **follow** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **accord** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We beat the opposing team three to one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x2:1
# text = We beat the opposing team three to one.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	beat	beat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | present | We | the opposing team |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location team=Theme |
| 2 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two friends had opposing views on pets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x3:1
# text = The two friends had opposing views on pets.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	views	view	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the two friends | opposing views |  |  |  | on pets | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent view=Patient |
| 2 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Opposing forces of equal size cancel out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x4:1
# text = Opposing forces of equal size cancel out.
1	Opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	cancel	cancel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cancel out** | infinitive | Opposing forces of equal size |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many people are opposing the plan to close the library.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x5:1
# text = Many people are opposing the plan to close the library.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oppose** | present · progressive | Many people | the plan |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Patient |
| 2 | **close** | to-infinitive | Many people *not said here* | the library |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent library=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shake hands with the opposing players.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x6:1
# text = Shake hands with the opposing players.
1	Shake	shake	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shake** | imperative | you *not said here* | hands |  |  |  | with the opposing players | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient with player=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the debate, each opposing side spoke for five minutes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x7:1
# text = In the debate, each opposing side spoke for five minutes.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	debate	debate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
6	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | each opposing side |  |  | the debate | minute |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Another property he had; his lance would produce a wound equal to those of nine opposing lances.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:opposing:x8:1
# text = Another property he had; his lance would produce a wound equal to those of nine opposing lances.
1	Another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	lance	lance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	produce	produce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wound	wound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	12	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	nine	nine	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
17	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	amod	_	_
18	lances	lance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | another property |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **produce** | would | property's lance | a wound |  |  |  | equal *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wound=Result |
| 3 | **oppose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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