---
title: paleness — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «paleness» in the Judaism dictionary: The state of being pale: having a light colour or less colour than usual. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# paleness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** state, they, you, man, I, paleness · **What happens:** be, have, ask, see, do, turn · **To what, where:** light colour, ye, travail, man, faces, paleness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«paleness» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [paleness in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/paleness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The state of being pale: having a light colour or less colour than usual.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:m1:1
# text = The state of being pale: having a light colour or less colour than usual.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | the state |  |  |  |  | pale *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | the state *not said here* | a light colour or less colour |  |  |  | than usual | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lightness of a person's face when they are ill, tired or frightened.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:m2:1
# text = Lightness of a person's face when they are ill, tired or frightened.
1	Lightness	lightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	frightened	frightened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask ye now, and see whether a man doth travail with child; wherefore do I see every man with his hands on his loins, as a woman in travail, and all faces are turned into paleness? (Prophets JER.30.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ask ye now, and see whether a man doth travail with child; wherefore do I see every man with his hands on his loins, as a woman in travail, and all faces are turned into paleness?

<!-- fold The tree, 36 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x1:1
# text = Ask ye now, and see whether a man doth travail with child; wherefore do I see every man with his hands on his loins, as a woman in travail, and all faces are turned into paleness?
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	1	iobj	_	_
3	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	doth	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
11	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
16	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	loins	loin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	as	as	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
35	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	36	det	_	_
36	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	nsubj	_	_
37	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
39	into	into	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	paleness	paleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | ye |  | now |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ye=Recipient |
| 2 | **see** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **do** | present | a man | travail |  |  |  | with child | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent travail=Eventuality |
| 4 | **see** | present · do-support | I | every man |  |  |  | with man's hands on man's loins; as a woman in travail; wherefore *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus as woman=Attribute |
| 5 | **turn** | present · passive |  | all faces |  | paleness |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into paleness=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.30.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JER.30.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.30.6	JER.30.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her paleness worried the school nurse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x2:1
# text = Her paleness worried the school nurse.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	paleness	paleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	worried	worry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **worry** | past | Her paleness | the school nurse |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus nurse=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The paleness of the sky meant snow was coming.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x3:1
# text = The paleness of the sky meant snow was coming.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	paleness	paleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | past | the paleness of the sky |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come** | past · progressive | snow |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He noticed the paleness of the ghostly figure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x4:1
# text = He noticed the paleness of the ghostly figure.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	paleness	paleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	ghostly	ghostly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notice** | past | He | the paleness of the ghostly figure |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer paleness=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the flu, his paleness lasted a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x5:1
# text = After the flu, his paleness lasted a week.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	flu	flu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	paleness	paleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lasted	last	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | past | his paleness |  |  |  | after the flu; week |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The paleness of the wall made the room feel cool.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x6:1
# text = The paleness of the wall made the room feel cool.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	paleness	paleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	cool	cool	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the paleness of the wall | the room |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | infinitive | the room *not said here* |  |  |  |  | cool *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fear showed in the sudden paleness of her face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:paleness:x7:1
# text = Fear showed in the sudden paleness of her face.
1	Fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	paleness	paleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | Fear |  |  | the sudden paleness of Fear's face |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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