---
title: pardon — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pardon» in the Judaism dictionary: A word you say when you did not hear what someone said and want them to repeat it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pardon

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, someone, them, official decision, LORD, I · **What happens:** say, not hear, want, repeat, pardon, excuse · **To what, where:** word, them, me, someone, person, heed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pardon» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pardon in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/pardon.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: polite — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A word you say when you did not hear what someone said and want them to repeat it.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:m1:1
# text = A word you say when you did not hear what someone said and want them to repeat it.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	repeat	repeat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | you | a word |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **hear** | past · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | someone |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **want** | present |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **repeat** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* | word |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: polite — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pardon me: sorry, or excuse me, after a small accident such as a burp or bumping someone.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:m2:1
# text = Pardon me: sorry, or excuse me, after a small accident such as a burp or bumping someone.
1	Pardon	pardon	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	sorry	sorry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	excuse	excuse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	burp	burp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	bumping	bump	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
20	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pardon** | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 2 | **excuse** | infinitive |  | me |  |  | after a small accident such a burp |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 3 | **bump** | gerund |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent someone=Instrument |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An official decision that a person will not be punished for a crime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:m3:1
# text = An official decision that a person will not be punished for a crime.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **punish** | future · passive | a official decision *not said here* | a person |  |  |  | for a crime | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for crime=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To forgive someone or free them from punishment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:m4:1
# text = To forgive someone or free them from punishment.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forgive** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the LORD said: 'I have pardoned according to thy word. (Torah NUM.14.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the LORD said: 'I have pardoned according to thy word.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x1:1
# text = And the LORD said: 'I have pardoned according to thy word.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	pardoned	pardon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pardon** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | accord thy word | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **word** |  | thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.14.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.14.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.14.20	NUM.14.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take heed of him, and hearken unto his voice; be not rebellious against him; for he will not pardon your transgression; for My name is in him. (Torah EXO.23.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Take heed of him, and hearken unto his voice; be not rebellious against him; for he will not pardon your transgression; for My name is in him.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x2:1
# text = Take heed of him, and hearken unto his voice; be not rebellious against him; for he will not pardon your transgression; for My name is in him.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	hearken	hearken	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	rebellious	rebellious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	_
15	against	against	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
20	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
22	pardon	pardon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	transgression	transgression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | heed of him |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Theme |
| 2 | **hearken** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto his voice | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | against him *= he*; rebellious *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **pardon** | future | he | your transgression |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transgression=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in him *= he*; for My name | tree rules |
| 6 | **heed** |  |  | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | nom heed «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 7 | **transgress** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **name** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.23.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.23.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.23.21	EXO.23.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pardon, I pray Thee, the iniquity of this people according unto the greatness of Thy lovingkindness, and according as Thou hast forgiven this people, from Egypt even until now.' (Torah NUM.14.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Pardon, I pray Thee, the iniquity of this people according unto the greatness of Thy lovingkindness, and according as Thou hast forgiven this people, from Egypt even until now.'

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x3:1
# text = Pardon, I pray Thee, the iniquity of this people according unto the greatness of Thy lovingkindness, and according as Thou hast forgiven this people, from Egypt even until now.'
1	Pardon	pardon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	according	accord	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	greatness	greatness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	lovingkindness	lovingkindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
21	according	accord	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	25	csubj:pass	_	_
22	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
24	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	advcl	_	_
25	forgiven	forgive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
26	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
27	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
31	even	even	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
32	until	until	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | present | I | Thee |  |  |  | Pardon *vocative*; the iniquity of this people *obl* | tree rules |
| 2 | **accord** | gerund | this people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the greatness of Thy lovingkindness | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **have** | present | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **forgive** | participle | according | this people |  | Egypt |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.14.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x3:2
# text = (Torah NUM.14.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.14.19	NUM.14.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We have transgressed and have rebelled; Thou hast not pardoned. (Writings LAM.3.42, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* We have transgressed and have rebelled; Thou hast not pardoned.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x4:1
# text = We have transgressed and have rebelled; Thou hast not pardoned.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	transgressed	transgress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	rebelled	rebel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	pardoned	pardon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transgress** | present · perfect · passive |  | We |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rebel** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn rebel-71.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **pardon** | present · perfect · passive |  | Thou |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings LAM.3.42, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x4:2
# text = (Writings LAM.3.42, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	LAM.3.42	LAM.3.42	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For Hezekiah had prayed for them, saying: 'The good LORD pardon (Writings 2CH.30.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x5:1
# text = For Hezekiah had prayed for them, saying: 'The good LORD pardon (Writings 2CH.30.18, JPS 1917)
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Hezekiah	Hezekiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	prayed	pray	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	pardon	pardon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	2CH.30.18	2CH.30.18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod:unmarked	_	_
20	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | for Hezekiah; for them *= they* | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for hezekiah=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Happy is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is pardoned. (Writings PSA.32.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Happy is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is pardoned.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x6:1
# text = Happy is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is pardoned.
1	Happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	transgression	transgression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	forgiven	forgive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	pardoned	pardon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | he | Happy transgression |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **forgive** | present · passive |  | Happy transgression |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **pardon** | present · passive |  | sin |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.32.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x6:2
# text = (Writings PSA.32.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.32.1	PSA.32.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pardon? I didn't hear the question.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Pardon?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x7:1
# text = Pardon?
1	Pardon	pardon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* I didn't hear the question.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x7:2
# text = I didn't hear the question.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **hear** | past · do-support | I | the question |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer question=Stimulus |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pardon me, could I get past?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x8:1
# text = Pardon me, could I get past?
1	Pardon	pardon	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
7	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pardon** | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | could | I |  |  |  |  | past *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I beg your pardon, I think that is my seat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x9:1
# text = I beg your pardon, I think that is my seat.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	beg	beg	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	pardon	pardon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beg** *speech: request* | present | I | your pardon |  |  |  |  | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent pardon=Recipient |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | that | my seat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **pardon** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom pardon «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king pardoned the thief.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x10:1
# text = The king pardoned the thief.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pardoned	pardon	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pardon** | past | the king | the thief |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prisoner was given a pardon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x11:1
# text = The prisoner was given a pardon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pardon	pardon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past · passive |  | the prisoner |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient pardon=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pardon me for asking, but where did you buy that hat?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x12:1
# text = Pardon me for asking, but where did you buy that hat?
1	Pardon	pardon	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
8	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pardon** | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **buy** | past · do-support | you | that hat |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hat=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Pardon my French,» said Dad after he swore at the traffic.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x13:1
# text = «Pardon my French,» said Dad after he swore at the traffic.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Pardon	pardon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	Dad	Dad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
9	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pardon** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | my French |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent french=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **swear** | past | Dad |  |  | the traffic |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Will you please pardon my rudeness?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pardon:x14:1
# text = Will you please pardon my rudeness?
1	Will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
4	pardon	pardon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	rudeness	rudeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pardon** | future | you | my rudeness |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rudeness=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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