---
title: particle — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «particle» in the Judaism dictionary: A particle is a very small piece or bit of something: dust particles. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# particle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** particle, particles, It, ice, Sunlight, dust particles · **What happens:** be, make, give up, go, mean, create · **To what, where:** small piece, tiny bits, science, matter, small word, grammar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«particle» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [particle in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/particle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A particle is a very small piece or bit of something: dust particles.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:m1:1
# text = A particle is a very small piece or bit of something: dust particles.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	particle	particle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a particle | a small piece or bit of something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In science, particles are the tiny bits that all matter is made of, such as atoms and molecules.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:m2:1
# text = In science, particles are the tiny bits that all matter is made of, such as atoms and molecules.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	atoms	atom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	parataxis	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	molecules	molecule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | particles | the tiny bits |  | science |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · passive |  | all matter |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary that=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In grammar, a particle is a small word like «up» in «give up» or «to» in «to go».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:m3:1
# text = In grammar, a particle is a small word like «up» in «give up» or «to» in «to go».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	grammar	grammar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	particle	particle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	parataxis	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
23	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a particle | a small word |  | grammar |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give up** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A particle can also mean any single thing or item, however small, as in every created particle.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:m4:1
# text = A particle can also mean any single thing or item, however small, as in every created particle.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	particle	particle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
7	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	however	however	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	det	_	_
18	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	particle	particle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | a particle | any single thing or item |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |
| 2 | **create** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a particle like כּ, as; it is added the word מִין kind, denoting: as a kind of, like, as. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is a particle like כּ, as; it is added the word מִין kind, denoting: as a kind of, like, as.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x1:1
# text = It is a particle like כּ, as; it is added the word מִין kind, denoting: as a kind of, like, as.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	particle	particle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	כּ	כּ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	מִין	מִין	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	denoting	denote	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	like	like	INTJ	UH	_	22	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
27	as	as	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a particle |  |  |  | like כּ | tree rules |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | present · passive | a particle *not said here* | כּ |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **denote** | gerund | a particle *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everything is made of tiny particles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x2:1
# text = Everything is made of tiny particles.
1	Everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Everything |  |  |  | of tiny particles | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a solid, the particles are packed close together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x3:1
# text = In a solid, the particles are packed close together.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	solid	solid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	packed	pack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pack** | present · passive |  | the particles |  | a solid |  | close, together *property* | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in solid=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Particles in a gas move fast and spread out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x4:1
# text = Particles in a gas move fast and spread out.
1	Particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | Particles in a gas |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **spread out** | infinitive | Particles in a gas *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When ice melts, its particles start to slide around.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x5:1
# text = When ice melts, its particles start to slide around.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	3	mark	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	melts	melt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	slide	slide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	around	around	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | present | ice |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **start** | present | ice's particles |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **slide around** | to-infinitive | ice's particles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | around *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunlight shows dust particles floating in the air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x6:1
# text = Sunlight shows dust particles floating in the air.
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	floating	float	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Sunlight | dust particles |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent particle=Recipient |
| 2 | **float** | gerund | dust particles *not said here* |  |  | the air |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoke has tiny particles that are bad for your lungs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x7:1
# text = Smoke has tiny particles that are bad for your lungs.
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Smoke | tiny particles |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent particle=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | tiny particles |  |  |  |  | for your lungs; bad *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There wasn't a particle of truth in his story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x8:1
# text = There wasn't a particle of truth in his story.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	particle	particle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **be** | past | a particle of truth in particle's story |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heating water makes its particles move faster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x9:1
# text = Heating water makes its particles move faster.
1	Heating	heat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	compound	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	xcomp	_	_
7	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present | Heating water | water's particles |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **move** | present | water's particles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One must find out the truth concerning every created particle, and keep to that."

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:particle:x10:1
# text = One must find out the truth concerning every created particle, and keep to that."
1	One	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
9	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	particle	particle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find out** | must | One | the truth |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truth=Topic |
| 2 | **concern** | gerund | the truth *not said here* | every created particle |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus particle=Experiencer |
| 3 | **create** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **keep** | infinitive | One *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to that | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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