---
title: pas — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pas» in the Judaism dictionary: «Pas» means «not» in French, used with «ne»: «je ne sais pas» is «I don't know»; in casual French people often just say «pas». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pas

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Pas, sais, deux, French, faux pas, wrong thing · **What happens:** mean, use, not be, say, be, sound · **To what, where:** French, pas, step, dance, false step, embarrassing social mistake · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pas» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pas in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/pas.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Pas» means «not» in French, used with «ne»: «je ne sais pas» is «I don't know»; in casual French people often just say «pas».

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:m1:1
# text = «Pas» means «not» in French, used with «ne»: «je ne sais pas» is «I don't know»; in casual French people often just say «pas».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Pas	Pas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	ne	ne	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	je	je	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	20	nsubj	_	_
19	ne	ne	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	18	flat:foreign	_	_
20	sais	sai	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
21	pas	pas	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
26	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
28	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
33	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	_
35	often	often	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
36	just	just	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
37	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
38	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	pas	pa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Pas |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | French *not said here* |  |  |  | with ne | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | present · do-support | sais |  |  |  |  | know *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | Pas *not said here* | pas |  |  |  | in casual French people; often *property* | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent pa=Theme in people=Manner |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: French, ballet — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Pas» means «a step» in dance: a «pas de deux» is a dance for two people.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:m2:1
# text = «Pas» means «a step» in dance: a «pas de deux» is a dance for two people.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Pas	Pas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	pas	pas	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	16	dep	_	_
15	de	de	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	14	flat:foreign	_	_
16	deux	deux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
23	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Pas | a step |  |  |  | in dance | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot step=Theme in dance=Attribute |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a deux | a dance |  |  |  | for two people | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«A faux pas» (from French, meaning «false step») is an embarrassing social mistake, like saying the wrong thing at a party. To an English ear «pas» sounds like «pah».

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «A faux pas» (from French, meaning «false step») is an embarrassing social mistake, like saying the wrong thing at a party.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:m3:1
# text = «A faux pas» (from French, meaning «false step») is an embarrassing social mistake, like saying the wrong thing at a party.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	faux	faux	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	pas	pas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	embarrassing	embarrassing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	social	social	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | gerund | French *not said here* | false step |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a faux pas | a embarrassing social mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the wrong thing | a embarrassing social mistake *not said here* |  | a party |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent mistake=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* To an English ear «pas» sounds like «pah».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:m3:2
# text = To an English ear «pas» sounds like «pah».
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	pas	pa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
8	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	pah	pah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to a English ear and pas; like pah | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to ear=Experiencer |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In some old dialect spellings, "pas" means "past", as in "ran past".

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:m4:1
# text = In some old dialect spellings, "pas" means "past", as in "ran past".
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	dialect	dialect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	spellings	spelling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	pas	pa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
19	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | pas | past |  | some old dialect spellings |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** *in a quote* | past |  | past |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme past=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was with David at Pas-dammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a plot of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines. (Writings 1CH.11.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He was with David at Pas-dammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a plot of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x1:1
# text = He was with David at Pas-dammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a plot of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	Pas	Pas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	dammim	dammim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	13	expl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
16	together	together	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	battle	battle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	23	advmod	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	plot	plot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	barley	barley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
33	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
34	from	from	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	before	before	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  | Pas dammim |  | with David | tree rules |
| 2 | **gather** | past · passive |  | the Philistines |  |  |  | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **battle** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | past |  | a plot |  |  |  | of ground | tree rules |
| 5 | **flee** | past | the people | David *not said here* |  | the Philistines |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme david=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 1CH.11.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x1:2
# text = (Writings 1CH.11.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1CH.11.13	1CH.11.13	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Je ne sais pas» means «I don't know».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x2:1
# text = «Je ne sais pas» means «I don't know».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Je	Je	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	7	nsubj	_	_
3	ne	ne	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	2	flat:foreign	_	_
4	sais	sai	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	flat	_	_
5	pas	pas	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	2	flat:foreign	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Je |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **know** *in a quote* | present · do-support | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Pas mal!» means «not bad!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x3:1
# text = «Pas mal!» means «not bad!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Pas	pa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mal	mal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mal** *in a quote* | present | Pas |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  | bad |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bad=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Pas du tout» means «not at all».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x4:1
# text = «Pas du tout» means «not at all».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Pas	Pas	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	4	dep	_	_
3	du	du	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	tout	tout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | du tout | all |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In ballet, a «pas de deux» is a dance for two.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x5:1
# text = In ballet, a «pas de deux» is a dance for two.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	ballet	ballet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	pas	pas	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	8	dep	_	_
7	de	de	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	6	flat:foreign	_	_
8	deux	deux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a deux | a dance |  | ballet |  | for two | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wearing trainers to the wedding was a bit of a faux pas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x6:1
# text = Wearing trainers to the wedding was a bit of a faux pas.
1	Wearing	wear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	trainers	trainer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	faux	faux	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	pas	pas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | gerund |  | trainers |  |  |  | to the wedding | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent trainer=Source |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Wearing | a bit |  |  |  | of a faux pas | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
French «pas» sounds like «pah», and the «s» is silent.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x7:1
# text = French «pas» sounds like «pah», and the «s» is silent.
1	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	pas	pa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	pah	pah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	s	s	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present | French |  |  |  |  | like pah | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present | the s |  |  |  |  | silent *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Ce n'est pas grave» means «it doesn't matter».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x8:1
# text = «Ce n'est pas grave» means «it doesn't matter».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ce	Ce	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	7	nsubj	_	_
3	n'est	n'est	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	5	dep	_	_
4	pas	pas	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	3	flat:foreign	_	_
5	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	matter	matter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Ce |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **matter** *in a quote* | present · do-support | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Col'!" exclaimed Uncle Remus; "hit got pas' col' on der quarter stretch.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pas:x9:1
# text = "Col'!" exclaimed Uncle Remus; "hit got pas' col' on der quarter stretch.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Col	col	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Uncle	Uncle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	Remus	Remus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
12	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	compound	_	_
13	pas	pa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	'	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	col	col	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	der	d	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
19	quarter	quarter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	stretch	stretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | past | Col | Uncle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hit** *in a quote* | past |  | got pas |  | der quarter stretch |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent pa=Patient col=Result |
| 3 | **get** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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