---
title: pledge — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pledge» in the Judaism dictionary: To pledge is to promise firmly, giving your word or faith. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pledge

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** your, pledge, you, he, thou, man · **What happens:** pledge, be, give, word, leave, keep · **To what, where:** word, solemn promise, item, poor man, mill, life · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pledge» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pledge in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/pledge.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To pledge is to promise firmly, giving your word or faith.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:m1:1
# text = To pledge is to promise firmly, giving your word or faith.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	pledge	pledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	promise	promise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	firmly	firmly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	faith	faith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pledge** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **be** *speech: promise* | present |  |  |  |  |  | firmly, promise *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** | gerund |  | your word or faith |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 4 | **word** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pledge is a solemn promise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:m2:1
# text = A pledge is a solemn promise.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	solemn	solemn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pledge | a solemn promise |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pledge is an item left as a security for a debt, or as a sign that you will keep your word.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:m3:1
# text = A pledge is an item left as a security for a debt, or as a sign that you will keep your word.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	security	security	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	acl	_	_
22	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pledge | a item or a sign |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | participle |  | a item or a sign *not said here* |  |  |  | as a security; for a debt | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for debt=Recipient |
| 3 | **keep** | future | you | your word |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 4 | **word** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And if he be a poor man, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge; (Torah DEU.24.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x1:1
# text = And if he be a poor man, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge; (Torah DEU.24.12, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
10	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	parataxis	_	_
19	DEU.24.12	DEU.24.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
22	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | he | a poor man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **sleep** | shall | thou |  |  |  |  | with man's pledge | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pledge** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom pledge «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No man shall take the mill or the upper millstone to pledge; for he taketh a man's life to pledge. (Torah DEU.24.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* No man shall take the mill or the upper millstone to pledge; for he taketh a man's life to pledge.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x2:1
# text = No man shall take the mill or the upper millstone to pledge; for he taketh a man's life to pledge.
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	millstone	millstone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	pledge	pledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	taketh	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	pledge	pledge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | shall | no man | the mill or the upper millstone |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mill=Theme |
| 2 | **pledge** | to-infinitive | no man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **take** | present | man | a man's life |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme |
| 4 | **pledge** | to-infinitive | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.24.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.24.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.24.6	DEU.24.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou shalt stand without, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring forth the pledge without unto thee. (Torah DEU.24.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou shalt stand without, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring forth the pledge without unto thee.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x3:1
# text = Thou shalt stand without, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring forth the pledge without unto thee.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nmod	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
12	dost	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	lend	lend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
16	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	without	without	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | shall | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lend** | present | the man |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **bring** | shall | the man *not said here* | the pledge |  |  |  | without thee; forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent pledge=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.24.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x3:2
# text = (Torah DEU.24.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.24.11	DEU.24.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge. (Writings JOB.24.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x4:1
# text = They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drive	drive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fatherless	fatherless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	widow	widow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive away** | present | They | the ass of the fatherless |  |  |  | away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take** | present | they | the widow's ox |  |  |  | for a pledge | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent ox=Theme for pledge=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.24.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x4:2
# text = (Writings JOB.24.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.24.3	JOB.24.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are that pluck the fatherless from the breast, and take a pledge of the poor; (Writings JOB.24.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x5:1
# text = There are that pluck the fatherless from the breast, and take a pledge of the poor; (Writings JOB.24.9, JPS 1917)
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pluck	pluck	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fatherless	fatherless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	breast	breast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	compound	_	_
21	JOB.24.9	JOB.24.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	23	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | that |  |  | the breast; there |  | Writings JOB.24.9 *obl*; pluck *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | infinitive | that *not said here* | a pledge of the poor |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pledge=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For thou hast taken pledges of thy brother for nought, and stripped the naked of their clothing. (Writings JOB.22.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For thou hast taken pledges of thy brother for nought, and stripped the naked of their clothing.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x6:1
# text = For thou hast taken pledges of thy brother for nought, and stripped the naked of their clothing.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
5	pledges	pledge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	nought	nought	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	stripped	strip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	clothing	clothing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · perfect | thou | pledges of thy brother |  |  |  | for nought | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent pledge=Theme for nought=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **strip** | past |  | the naked |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent naked=Patient |
| 3 | **pledge** |  |  | thy brother |  |  |  |  | nom pledge «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.22.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x6:2
# text = (Writings JOB.22.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.22.6	JOB.22.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I give that pledge," said Iollan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x7:1
# text = "I give that pledge," said Iollan.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Iollan	Iollan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** *in a quote* | present | Iollan | that pledge |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pledge=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Iollan |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"We pledge it," said they.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x8:1
# text = "We pledge it," said they.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pledge	pledge	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pledge** *in a quote* | present | We | it |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I pass it and pledge it," cried the joyful king.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x9:1
# text = "I pass it and pledge it," cried the joyful king.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pass	pass	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	pledge	pledge	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
10	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	joyful	joyful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** *in a quote* | present | the joyful king *= king* | it |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory |
| 2 | **pledge** *in a quote* | infinitive | the joyful king *= king* *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the joyful king |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The children made a pledge to keep the secret.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pledge:x10:1
# text = The children made a pledge to keep the secret.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the children | a pledge |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pledge=Product |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | the children *not said here* | the secret |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secret=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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