---
title: plowshare — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «plowshare» in the Judaism dictionary: The blade of a plow that cuts the soil. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# plowshare

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plow, you, weak, I, Israelites · **What happens:** cut, beat, let, say, be, go down · **To what, where:** soil, plowshares, swords, coulter, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«plowshare» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [plowshare in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/plowshare.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blade of a plow that cuts the soil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plowshare:m1:1
# text = The blade of a plow that cuts the soil.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plow	plow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	cuts	cut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | present | a plow | the soil |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset soil=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears; let the weak say: 'I am strong.' (Prophets JOL.4.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears; let the weak say: 'I am strong.'

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plowshare:x1:1
# text = Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears; let the weak say: 'I am strong.'
1	Beat	beat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	plowshares	plowshare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	pruning	pruning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	hooks	hook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
15	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	nsubj	_	_
18	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | imperative | you *not said here* | your plowshares |  | swords |  | into spears; pruning hooks *obl* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent plowshare=Patient into sword=Recipient |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the weak |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOL.4.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plowshare:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JOL.4.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOL.4.10	JOL.4.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his plowshare, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock. (Prophets 1SA.13.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his plowshare, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plowshare:x2:1
# text = but all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his plowshare, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock.
1	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Israelites	Israelite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	sharpen	sharpen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
13	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
14	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	plowshare	plowshare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	coulter	coulter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	axe	axe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	mattock	mattock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go down** | past | the Israelites | man's coulter |  |  |  | to the Philistines; man's axe *obl*; man's mattock *obl*; down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **sharpen** | to-infinitive | the Israelites *not said here* | every man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 1SA.13.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plowshare:x2:2
# text = (Prophets 1SA.13.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1SA.13.20	1SA.13.20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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