---
title: plural — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «plural» in the Judaism dictionary: Plural means more than one: «cats» is the plural of «cat». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# plural

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Plural, cats, it, many kinds, Chiim, Frey · **What happens:** mean, be, take, have, live together, give · **To what, where:** one, plural, form, many kinds, ChHM, plural action noun · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«plural» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [plural in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/plural.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plural means more than one: «cats» is the plural of «cat».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:m1:1
# text = Plural means more than one: «cats» is the plural of «cat».
1	Plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	5	advmod	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Plural | one |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | present | cats | the plural |  |  |  | of cat | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plural of a word is the form it takes when it means more than one.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:m2:1
# text = The plural of a word is the form it takes when it means more than one.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
14	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	16	advmod	_	_
15	than	than	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the plural of a word | the form |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | present | it | the form *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | plural | one |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plural can also mean having many kinds or groups living together, as in «a plural society».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:m3:1
# text = Plural can also mean having many kinds or groups living together, as in «a plural society».
1	Plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	society	society	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Plural |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *not said to happen* | gerund | Plural *not said here* | many kinds or groups |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Patient |
| 3 | **live together** | gerund | many kinds or groups *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chiim, is the plural of Chi — living, or life. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Chiim, is the plural of Chi — living, or life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x1:1
# text = Chiim, is the plural of Chi — living, or life.
1	Chiim	Chiim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Chi	Chi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Chiim | the plural |  |  |  | of Chi | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frey in his dictionary gives ChHM as the plural word, lives, or vitae. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Frey in his dictionary gives ChHM as the plural word, lives, or vitae.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x2:1
# text = Frey in his dictionary gives ChHM as the plural word, lives, or vitae.
1	Frey	Frey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	ChHM	ChHM	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	iobj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	vitae	vita	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Frey in Frey's dictionary |  | ChHM |  |  | as the plural word and lives or vitae | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chhm=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The word sefirot by itself is the plural action noun of סָפַר safar 'to count', thus meaning literally 'countings'. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The word sefirot by itself is the plural action noun of סָפַר safar 'to count', thus meaning literally 'countings'.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x3:1
# text = The word sefirot by itself is the plural action noun of סָפַר safar 'to count', thus meaning literally 'countings'.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sefirot	sefirot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	סָפַר	סָפַר	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
13	safar	safar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	',	',	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
20	literally	literally	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	countings	counting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the word sefirot by sefirot | the plural action noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **count** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of safar | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund |  | countings |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent counting=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Cats» is the plural of «cat».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x4:1
# text = «Cats» is the plural of «cat».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cats | the plural |  |  |  | of cat | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is the plural of «mouse»? It is «mice».

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* What is the plural of «mouse»?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x5:1
# text = What is the plural of «mouse»?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the plural of mouse |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It is «mice».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x5:2
# text = It is «mice».
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | plural | mice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Sheep» is the same in the singular and the plural.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x6:1
# text = «Sheep» is the same in the singular and the plural.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	singular	singular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Sheep |  |  | the singular |  | same *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Add «-es» to make the plural of «box».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x7:1
# text = Add «-es» to make the plural of «box».
1	Add	add	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	es	e	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | es |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent e=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the plural of box |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plural=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«We» and «they» are plural pronouns.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x8:1
# text = «We» and «they» are plural pronouns.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	pronouns	pronoun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | We | plural pronouns |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plural of «baby» is «babies».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x9:1
# text = The plural of «baby» is «babies».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the plural of baby | babies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use a plural verb with a plural subject: «The dogs bark».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x10:1
# text = Use a plural verb with a plural subject: «The dogs bark».
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	bark	bark	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | a plural verb |  |  |  | with a plural subject | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent verb=Theme clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **bark** *in a quote* | present | the dogs |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The word «scissors» is always plural.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x11:1
# text = The word «scissors» is always plural.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	scissors	scissors	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	8	advmod	_	_
8	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the word |  |  |  |  | always, plural *property* | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
\[The word terem (plural terema) which occurs twice in this story (rendered the second time by "chamber") deserves a special notice.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:plural:x12:1
# text = [The word terem (plural terema) which occurs twice in this story (rendered the second time by "chamber") deserves a special notice.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	terem	terem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	terema	terema	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	occurs	occur	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
11	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	10	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	rendered	render	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	19	amod	_	_
19	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	chamber	chamber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
25	deserves	deserve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	notice	notice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | present | the word terem |  |  | this story |  | twice *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in story=Location |
| 2 | **render** | past |  |  |  |  | time | by chamber | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **deserve** | present | the word terem | a special notice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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