---
title: ponder — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ponder» in the Judaism dictionary: To ponder is to think about something slowly and carefully for a long time before deciding. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ponder

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** long time, father, I, it, Koheleth, She · **What happens:** ponder, be, decide, see, ponder over, investigate · **To what, where:** things, power, this, people knowledge, many proverbs, order · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ponder» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ponder in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/ponder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To ponder is to think about something slowly and carefully for a long time before deciding.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:m1:1
# text = To ponder is to think about something slowly and carefully for a long time before deciding.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	ponder	ponder	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	_
8	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	8	conj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
15	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	deciding	decide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ponder** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **be** *speech: other* | present |  |  |  |  | time | about something; slowly, think *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **decide** | gerund | a long time *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After that our father Abraham had seen, and pondered over, investigated, and understood these things, he designed, engraved, and composed them, and received them into his power (hands). (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* After that our father Abraham had seen, and pondered over, investigated, and understood these things, he designed, engraved, and composed them, and received them into his power (hands).

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x1:1
# text = After that our father Abraham had seen, and pondered over, investigated, and understood these things, he designed, engraved, and composed them, and received them into his power (hands).
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	obl	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	pondered	ponder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	over	over	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	investigated	investigate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	designed	design	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	engraved	engrave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	composed	compose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	into	into	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
35	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · perfect | our father |  |  |  | after that |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **ponder over** | past | our father *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **investigate** | participle | our father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **understand** | past | our father *not said here* | this things |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |
| 5 | **design** | past | father |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **engrave** | past | father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **compose** | past | father *not said here* | things *= thing* |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Result |
| 8 | **receive** | past |  | things *= thing* |  | father's power |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1887	1887	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have pondered the days of old, the years of ancient times. (Writings PSA.77.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* I have pondered the days of old, the years of ancient times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x2:1
# text = I have pondered the days of old, the years of ancient times.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	pondered	ponder	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ponder** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  | day; year |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.77.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x2:2
# text = (Writings PSA.77.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.77.6	PSA.77.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when I pondered how I might know this, it was wearisome in mine eyes; (Writings PSA.73.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x3:1
# text = And when I pondered how I might know this, it was wearisome in mine eyes; (Writings PSA.73.16, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pondered	ponder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
9	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	wearisome	wearisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	parataxis	_	_
20	PSA.73.16	PSA.73.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	_
23	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ponder** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | might | I | this |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | it |  |  |  |  | in mine; wearisome *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And besides that Koheleth was wise, he also taught the people knowledge; yea, he pondered, and sought out, and set in order many proverbs. (Writings ECC.12.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And besides that Koheleth was wise, he also taught the people knowledge; yea, he pondered, and sought out, and set in order many proverbs.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x4:1
# text = And besides that Koheleth was wise, he also taught the people knowledge; yea, he pondered, and sought out, and set in order many proverbs.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	besides	beside	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	Koheleth	Koheleth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	also	also	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	compound	_	_
13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	18	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	pondered	ponder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	sought	seek	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	parataxis	_	_
22	out	out	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	conj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
28	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	proverbs	proverb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beside** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | Koheleth |  |  |  |  | wise *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | Koheleth | the people knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent knowledge=Recipient |
| 4 | **ponder** | past | Koheleth |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **seek out** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **set** | participle |  | many proverbs |  | order |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent proverb=Theme in order=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings ECC.12.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x4:2
# text = (Writings ECC.12.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ECC.12.9	ECC.12.9	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I must ponder this puzzle before I answer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x5:1
# text = I must ponder this puzzle before I answer.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	ponder	ponder	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	answer	answer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ponder** | must | I | this puzzle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She pondered the words for a long time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x6:1
# text = She pondered the words for a long time.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pondered	ponder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ponder** | past | She | the words |  |  | time |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old man pondered over the riddle until he understood it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:ponder:x7:1
# text = The old man pondered over the riddle until he understood it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pondered	ponder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	riddle	riddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ponder** | past | the old man |  |  | the riddle |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **understand** | past | man | riddle |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [pond](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/P/pond/)
- next →: [pondering](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/P/pondering/)
- ↑ back to [P in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/P/)