---
title: powder — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «powder» in the Judaism dictionary: A dry substance made of very tiny pieces, like flour, dust or crushed chalk. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# powder

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** skiers, LORD, rain, he, ground, graven · **What happens:** make, crush, use, put, word, come down · **To what, where:** dry substance, special powder, powder, something, rain, heaven

<!-- .vabout -->
«powder» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [powder in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/powder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dry substance made of very tiny pieces, like flour, dust or crushed chalk.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:m1:1
# text = A dry substance made of very tiny pieces, like flour, dust or crushed chalk.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a dry substance and flour and dust or crushed chalk *not said here* |  |  |  | of tiny pieces | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **crush** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A special powder used for a job: «washing powder», «baby powder», «talcum powder».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:m2:1
# text = A special powder used for a job: «washing powder», «baby powder», «talcum powder».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	washing	washing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	talcum	talcum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | a special powder *not said here* |  |  |  | for a job | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To put powder on something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:m3:1
# text = To put powder on something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | to-infinitive |  | powder |  | something |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent powder=Theme on something=Destination |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fresh, light, dry snow (skiers' word).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:m4:1
# text = Fresh, light, dry snow (skiers' word).
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	skiers	skier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **word** |  | skiers |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gunpowder (old use).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:m5:1
# text = Gunpowder (old use).
1	Gunpowder	gunpowder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The LORD will make the rain of thy land powder and dust; from heaven shall it come down upon thee, until thou be destroyed. (Torah DEU.28.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The LORD will make the rain of thy land powder and dust; from heaven shall it come down upon thee, until thou be destroyed.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x1:1
# text = The LORD will make the rain of thy land powder and dust; from heaven shall it come down upon thee, until thou be destroyed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
16	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
19	down	down	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | future | the LORD | the rain of thy land powder and dust |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Product |
| 2 | **come down** | shall | rain |  |  | heaven |  | upon thee; down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from heaven=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **destroy** | infinitive · passive |  | thou |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **rain** |  |  | thy land powder and dust |  |  |  |  | nom rain «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.28.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x1:2
# text = (Torah DEU.28.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.28.24	DEU.28.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it. (Torah EXO.32.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x2:1
# text = And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	burnt	burnt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	powder	powder	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	strewed	strew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | he |  | the calf |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument calf=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | past · perfect · passive |  | the calf |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 3 | **burnt** | past | he *not said here* | calf |  |  |  | with fire | tree rules |
| 4 | **powder** | to-infinitive | ground |  |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **strew** | past | he *not said here* | ground |  | the water |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme upon water=Destination |
| 6 | **make** | past | he *not said here* | the children of Israel drink of ground |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset child=Product |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.32.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.32.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.32.20	EXO.32.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who is this that cometh up out of the wilderness like pillars of smoke, perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, with all powders of the merchant? (Writings SNG.3.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Who is this that cometh up out of the wilderness like pillars of smoke, perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, with all powders of the merchant?

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x3:1
# text = Who is this that cometh up out of the wilderness like pillars of smoke, perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, with all powders of the merchant?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	cometh	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	pillars	pillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	perfumed	perfume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	myrrh	myrrh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	frankincense	frankincense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	24	det	_	_
24	powders	powder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | the wilderness like pillars of smoke |  | come *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **perfume** | participle |  | pillars of smoke *not said here* |  |  |  | with myrrh and frankincense; with all powders of the merchant | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with myrrh=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings SNG.3.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x3:2
# text = (Writings SNG.3.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	SNG.3.6	SNG.3.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he broke down the altars, and beat the Asherim and the graven images into powder, and hewed down all the sun-images throughout all the land of Israel, and returned to Jerusalem. (Writings 2CH.34.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he broke down the altars, and beat the Asherim and the graven images into powder, and hewed down all the sun-images throughout all the land of Israel, and returned to Jerusalem.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x4:1
# text = And he broke down the altars, and beat the Asherim and the graven images into powder, and hewed down all the sun-images throughout all the land of Israel, and returned to Jerusalem.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	altars	altar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	beat	beat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Asherim	Asherim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	graven	graven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	images	image	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	hewed	hew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
21	down	down	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	26	det:predet	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	images	image	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	advcl	_	_
27	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	30	det:predet	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
36	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | past | he | the altars |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent altar=Patient |
| 2 | **beat** | past | he *not said here* | the Asherim |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location asherim=Theme |
| 3 | **image** | present | the graven |  |  | powder |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **hew down** | participle | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **return** | past | he *not said here* |  | Jerusalem |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to jerusalem=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 2CH.34.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x4:2
# text = (Writings 2CH.34.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2CH.34.7	2CH.34.7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grind the chalk into a fine powder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x5:1
# text = Grind the chalk into a fine powder.
1	Grind	grind	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grind** | imperative | you *not said here* | the chalk |  | a fine powder |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent chalk=Material into powder=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum added baking powder to the cake mix.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x6:1
# text = Mum added baking powder to the cake mix.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	mix	mix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | Mum | baking powder |  |  |  | to the cake mix | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent powder=Patient to mix=Co-Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Washing powder is poisonous; don't touch it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x7:1
# text = Washing powder is poisonous; don't touch it.
1	Washing	washing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Washing powder |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **touch** | infinitive · do-support |  | powder |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sugar powder dissolves faster than sugar cubes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x8:1
# text = Sugar powder dissolves faster than sugar cubes.
1	Sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dissolves	dissolve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cubes	cube	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dissolve** | present | Sugar powder |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fresh powder is great for skiing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x9:1
# text = Fresh powder is great for skiing.
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	skiing	skiing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Fresh powder |  |  |  |  | for skiing; great *property* | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby smelled of baby powder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x10:1
# text = The baby smelled of baby powder.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	smelled	smell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | past | the baby |  |  |  |  | of baby powder | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of powder=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never taste a powder you don't know.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x11:1
# text = Never taste a powder you don't know.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	taste	taste	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **taste** | imperative | you *not said here* | a powder |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme powder=Attribute |
| 2 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | you | a powder *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer powder=Stimulus |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Abandoning the fight he rushed into the powder magazine and fired it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:powder:x12:1
# text = Abandoning the fight he rushed into the powder magazine and fired it.
1	Abandoning	abandon	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	magazine	magazine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	fired	fire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abandon** | gerund |  | the fight |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme fight=Source |
| 2 | **rush** | past | he | the fight *not said here* |  | the powder magazine |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent fight=Theme into magazine=Trajectory |
| 3 | **fire** | past | he *not said here* | fight |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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