---
title: preacher — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «preacher» in the Judaism dictionary: A person who gives religious talks (sermons), especially in a church. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# preacher

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, others, man, I, preacher, village preacher · **What happens:** give, keep, tell, behave, stop, walk · **To what, where:** religious talks, others, preacher, wind, square, funny stories · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«preacher» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [preacher in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/preacher.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who gives religious talks (sermons), especially in a church.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:m1:1
# text = A person who gives religious talks (sermons), especially in a church.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	talks	talk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	sermons	sermon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a person | religious talks |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent talk=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, negative — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who keeps telling others how they should behave: «Stop being such a preacher!».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:m2:1
# text = A person who keeps telling others how they should behave: «Stop being such a preacher!».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	behave	behave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
14	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	cop	_	_
15	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	17	det:predet	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | a person |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | a person *not said here* | others |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent other=Recipient |
| 3 | **behave** | should | others *= other* |  |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **stop** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | such preacher |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality preacher=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a man walking in wind and falsehood do lie: 'I will preach unto thee of wine and of strong drink'; he shall even be the preacher of this people. (Prophets MIC.2.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* If a man walking in wind and falsehood do lie: 'I will preach unto thee of wine and of strong drink'; he shall even be the preacher of this people.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x1:1
# text = If a man walking in wind and falsehood do lie: 'I will preach unto thee of wine and of strong drink'; he shall even be the preacher of this people.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	walking	walk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	preach	preach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
16	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
28	even	even	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	cop	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	34	det	_	_
34	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | gerund | a man *not said here* |  |  | wind and falsehood |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wind=Trajectory |
| 2 | **lie** | present · do-support | a man |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **preach** *speech: other* | future | I |  |  |  |  | unto thee; of wine and strong drink | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | shall | man | the preacher |  |  |  | of this people | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets MIC.2.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x1:2
# text = (Prophets MIC.2.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	MIC.2.11	MIC.2.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The preacher spoke to a crowd in the square.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x2:1
# text = The preacher spoke to a crowd in the square.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the preacher |  |  | the square |  | to a crowd | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to crowd=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our village preacher tells funny stories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x3:1
# text = Our village preacher tells funny stories.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Our village preacher | funny stories |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old preacher rode from town to town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x4:1
# text = The old preacher rode from town to town.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	rode	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My big sister is such a preacher about healthy food!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x5:1
# text = My big sister is such a preacher about healthy food!
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	7	det:predet	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My big sister | such preacher |  |  |  | about healthy food | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Practise what you preach," said Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x6:1
# text = "Practise what you preach," said Mum.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Practise	practise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	obj	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	preach	preach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Mum	Mum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practise** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **preach** *speech: other* *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The preacher's voice filled the church.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x7:1
# text = The preacher's voice filled the church.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past | the preacher's voice | the church |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent church=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many preachers spoke out against slavery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x8:1
# text = Many preachers spoke out against slavery.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	preachers	preacher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	slavery	slavery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak out** *speech: other* | past | Many preachers |  |  |  |  | against slavery | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was dreadful to hear all that, for the preacher spoke from his heart, and all the people in the church were terrified.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:preacher:x9:1
# text = It was dreadful to hear all that, for the preacher spoke from his heart, and all the people in the church were terrified.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	preacher	preacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	20	det:predet	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	terrified	terrified	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | dreadful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the preacher |  |  | preacher's heart |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past | all people in the church |  |  |  |  | terrified *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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