---
title: printing — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «printing» in the Judaism dictionary: Printing means putting words or pictures on paper with a machine called a printer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
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# printing

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Printing, machine, business, art printing, printer, They · **What happens:** mean, put, call, be, make, write · **To what, where:** words, paper, printer, job, books, separate letters · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«printing» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [printing in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/printing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Printing means putting words or pictures on paper with a machine called a printer.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:m1:1
# text = Printing means putting words or pictures on paper with a machine called a printer.
1	Printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	xcomp	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	printer	printer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Printing |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **put** *not said to happen* | gerund | Printing *not said here* | words or pictures |  | paper |  | with a machine | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme on paper=Destination |
| 3 | **call** | participle | a machine *not said here* | a printer |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent printer=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Printing is also the job or business of making books and newspapers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:m2:1
# text = Printing is also the job or business of making books and newspapers.
1	Printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
10	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Printing | the job or business |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | business *not said here* | books and newspapers |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset book=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Printing can mean writing with separate letters that are not joined, not in joined-up writing.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:m3:1
# text = Printing can mean writing with separate letters that are not joined, not in joined-up writing.
1	Printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	writing	write	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	separate	separate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
18	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Printing |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **write** *not said to happen* | gerund | Printing *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with separate letters | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **join** | present · passive |  | separate letters |  | joined writing |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **join up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In art, printing is pressing a shape with paint onto paper, like potato printing.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:m4:1
# text = In art, printing is pressing a shape with paint onto paper, like potato printing.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	pressing	press	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **press** | present · progressive | art printing | a shape |  | paper |  | with paint | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The printer is printing 15 pages a minute.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x1:1
# text = The printer is printing 15 pages a minute.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	printer	printer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	printing	print	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | present · progressive | the printer | 15 pages  a minute |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Printing one book costs 3 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x2:1
# text = Printing one book costs 3 dollars.
1	Printing	print	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | gerund |  | one book |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |
| 2 | **cost** | present | Printing | 3 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How long is printing 90 pages?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x3:1
# text = How long is printing 90 pages?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	printing	print	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	90	90	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | present · progressive |  | 90 pages |  |  |  | long *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They finished printing 200 flyers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x4:1
# text = They finished printing 200 flyers.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	printing	print	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	flyers	flyer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **print** | gerund | They *not said here* | 200 flyers |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flyer=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher is printing our reading sheets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x5:1
# text = The teacher is printing our reading sheets.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	printing	print	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sheets	sheet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | present · progressive | the teacher | our reading sheets |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheet=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before the printing press, books were copied by hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x6:1
# text = Before the printing press, books were copied by hand.
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	press	press	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	copied	copy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** | past · passive | hand | books |  | the printing press |  |  | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme before press=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In art we did leaf printing with green paint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x7:1
# text = In art we did leaf printing with green paint.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | we | leaf printing |  | art |  | with green paint | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent printing=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please print your name in capital letters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x8:1
# text = Please print your name in capital letters.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	print	print	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	capital	capital	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **print** | imperative | you *not said here* | your name |  | capital letters |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme in letter=Destination |
| 2 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In this way these tales are older than reading and writing, far older than printing.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:printing:x9:1
# text = In this way these tales are older than reading and writing, far older than printing.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	_
14	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	conj	_	_
15	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	printing	print	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this tales |  |  | this way |  | than reading and writing; old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | this tales *not said here* |  |  |  |  | far *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **print** | gerund | this tales *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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