---
title: profess — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «profess» in the Judaism dictionary: To say openly that you feel, believe or have something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# profess

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, He, his, She, knight, They · **What happens:** say, feel, believe, have, claim, follow · **To what, where:** something, religion, certain kind, love, everything, loyalty · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«profess» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [profess in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/profess.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To say openly that you feel, believe or have something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:m1:1
# text = To say openly that you feel, believe or have something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	openly	openly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | openly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **feel** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **believe** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **have** | present | you *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He professed his love for chocolate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:m1e:1
# text = He professed his love for chocolate.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	professed	profess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | past | He | his love |  |  |  | for chocolate | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent love=Theme |
| 2 | **love** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To claim something, often falsely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:m2:1
# text = To claim something, often falsely.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	claim	claim	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	falsely	falsely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **claim** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | falsely *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She professes to know everything.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:m2e:1
# text = She professes to know everything.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	professes	profess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | everything |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer everything=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To openly follow a religion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:m3:1
# text = To openly follow a religion.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	openly	openly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	follow	follow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | to-infinitive |  | a religion |  |  |  | openly *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent religion=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Professed means openly declared or acknowledged as being a certain kind of person, such as a professed poet.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:m4:1
# text = Professed means openly declared or acknowledged as being a certain kind of person, such as a professed poet.
1	Professed	profess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	openly	openly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	declared	declare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	acknowledged	acknowledge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	advcl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	professed	profess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	poet	poet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **declare** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | openly *property* | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **acknowledge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | gerund |  | a certain kind |  |  |  | of person and a professed poet | tree rules |
| 6 | **profess** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight professed his loyalty to the queen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:x1:1
# text = The knight professed his loyalty to the queen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	professed	profess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | past | the knight | knight's loyalty |  |  |  | to the queen | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent loyalty=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He professes to be the best player in school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:x2:1
# text = He professes to be the best player in school.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	professes	profess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | present | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the best player |  | school |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She professed not to know who ate the cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:x3:1
# text = She professed not to know who ate the cake.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	professed	profess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **know** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **eat** | past |  | the cake |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They profess a deep love of animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:x4:1
# text = They profess a deep love of animals.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	profess	profess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | present | They | a deep love of animals |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent love=Theme |
| 2 | **love** |  |  | animals |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The so-called wizard professed great powers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:x5:1
# text = The so-called wizard professed great powers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	wizard	wizard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	professed	profess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **profess** | past | the called wizard | great powers |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent power=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He professed ignorance of the rules.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:x6:1
# text = He professed ignorance of the rules.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	professed	profess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ignorance	ignorance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **profess** | past | He | ignorance of the rules |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent ignorance=Theme |
| 2 | **ignore** |  |  | the rules |  |  |  |  | nom ignorance «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are many who are more the poets of nature than those who are professed poets.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:profess:x7:1
# text = There are many who are more the poets of nature than those who are professed poets.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	poets	poet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	nmod	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	professed	profess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	poets	poet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | the many more poets |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the many more poets |  |  |  | of nature than those | tree rules |
| 3 | **profess** | present · passive |  | poets |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme poet=Attribute |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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