---
title: prune — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «prune» in the Judaism dictionary: A prune is a dried plum, dark and wrinkly, eaten as a snack or cooked. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# prune

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** prune, bush, you, thou, six years, weak · **What happens:** dry, be, eat, cook, prune, grow · **To what, where:** dried plum, tree, something, parts, field, vineyard · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«prune» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [prune in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/prune.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A prune is a dried plum, dark and wrinkly, eaten as a snack or cooked.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:m1:1
# text = A prune is a dried plum, dark and wrinkly, eaten as a snack or cooked.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prune	prune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	plum	plum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wrinkly	wrinkly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a prune | a dried plum |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **eat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | as a snack | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cook** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To prune a tree or bush is to cut off some branches so it grows better.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:m2:1
# text = To prune a tree or bush is to cut off some branches so it grows better.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	prune	prune	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	off	off	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
16	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prune** | to-infinitive |  | a tree or bush |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | cut *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow** | present | bush |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To prune something is to cut out parts you do not need, such as words in a story.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:m3:1
# text = To prune something is to cut out parts you do not need, such as words in a story.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	prune	prune	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prune** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | cut *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **need** | present · do-support | you | parts and words in a story *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot part=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Six years thou shalt sow thy field, and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and gather in the produce thereof. (Torah LEV.25.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Six years thou shalt sow thy field, and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and gather in the produce thereof.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x1:1
# text = Six years thou shalt sow thy field, and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and gather in the produce thereof.
1	Six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	sow	sow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
12	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
13	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	prune	prune	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
15	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	vineyard	vineyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	gather	gather	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	produce	produce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | shall | thou | thy field |  |  | year |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent field=Theme |
| 2 | **prune** | shall | six years | thy vineyard |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vineyard=Patient |
| 3 | **gather** | present | thou *not said here* |  |  | the produce |  | thereof *property* | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.25.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x1:2
# text = (Torah LEV.25.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.25.3	LEV.25.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath unto the LORD; thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard. (Torah LEV.25.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath unto the LORD; thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x2:1
# text = But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath unto the LORD; thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	seventh	seventh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sabbath	sabbath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	solemn	solemn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sabbath	sabbath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
19	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
23	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nsubj	_	_
24	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	26	cc:preconj	_	_
26	sow	sow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
27	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	31	cc	_	_
31	prune	prune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
32	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	vineyard	vineyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | shall |  | a sabbath |  |  | year | of solemn rest for the land and a sabbath unto the LORD | tree rules |
| 2 | **sow** | shall | thou | thy field nor prune |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.25.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x2:2
# text = (Torah LEV.25.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.25.4	LEV.25.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears; let the weak say: 'I am strong.' (Prophets JOL.4.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears; let the weak say: 'I am strong.'

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x3:1
# text = Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears; let the weak say: 'I am strong.'
1	Beat	beat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	plowshares	plowshare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	pruning	pruning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	hooks	hook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
15	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	nsubj	_	_
18	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | imperative | you *not said here* | your plowshares |  | swords |  | into spears; pruning hooks *obl* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent plowshare=Patient into sword=Recipient |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the weak |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOL.4.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x3:2
# text = (Prophets JOL.4.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOL.4.10	JOL.4.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I will lay it waste: it shall not be pruned nor hoed, but there shall come up briers and thorns; I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it. (Prophets ISA.5.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And I will lay it waste: it shall not be pruned nor hoed, but there shall come up briers and thorns; I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x4:1
# text = And I will lay it waste: it shall not be pruned nor hoed, but there shall come up briers and thorns; I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	pruned	prune	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
13	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	14	cc	_	_
14	hoed	hoe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	briers	brier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	thorns	thorn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
26	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	also	also	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	command	command	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
31	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj	_	_
32	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	_
34	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	35	det	_	_
35	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
36	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | future | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent it=Theme waste=Destination |
| 2 | **not** **prune** | shall · passive |  | waste |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **hoe** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **come up** | shall | I *not said here* | briers and thorns |  | there |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location brier=Theme |
| 5 | **command** | future | I | the clouds  no rain upon waste and rain |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent cloud=Eventuality |
| 6 | **rain** |  | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.5.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x4:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.5.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.5.6	ISA.5.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For before the harvest, when the blossom is over, and the bud becometh a ripening grape, He will cut off the sprigs with pruning-hooks, and the shoots will He take away and lop off. (Prophets ISA.18.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For before the harvest, when the blossom is over, and the bud becometh a ripening grape, He will cut off the sprigs with pruning-hooks, and the shoots will He take away and lop off.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x5:1
# text = For before the harvest, when the blossom is over, and the bud becometh a ripening grape, He will cut off the sprigs with pruning-hooks, and the shoots will He take away and lop off.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	harvest	harvest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	blossom	blossom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	over	over	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bud	bud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	becometh	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	ripening	ripen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	amod	_	_
18	grape	grape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
20	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
23	off	off	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sprigs	sprig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	pruning	pruning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	hooks	hook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	shoots	shoot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nsubj	_	_
34	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
35	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	parataxis	_	_
37	away	away	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	lop	lop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	conj	_	_
40	off	off	ADP	RP	_	39	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the blossom |  |  |  |  | over *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | present | the bud | a ripening grape |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient grape=Result |
| 3 | **ripen** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **cut off** | future | bud | the sprigs |  |  |  | for the harvest; with pruning hooks | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector sprig=Eventuality |
| 5 | **take away** | future | the shoots |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **lop off** | infinitive | the shoots *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.18.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x5:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.18.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.18.5	ISA.18.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa likes prunes with his breakfast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x6:1
# text = Grandpa likes prunes with his breakfast.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	likes	like	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	prunes	prune	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	breakfast	breakfast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | Grandpa | prunes |  |  |  | with Grandpa's breakfast | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot prune=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We pruned the apple tree in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x7:1
# text = We pruned the apple tree in winter.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pruned	prune	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prune** | past | We | the apple tree |  |  | winter |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prunes are dried plums.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x8:1
# text = Prunes are dried plums.
1	Prunes	prune	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	plums	plum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry** | present · passive |  | Prunes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the bath my fingers looked like prunes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x9:1
# text = After the bath my fingers looked like prunes.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	prunes	prune	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | my fingers |  |  |  | after the bath | like prunes | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prune your story so it is not too long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x10:1
# text = Prune your story so it is not too long.
1	Prune	prune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	too	too	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	RB	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | story |  |  |  |  | long *property* | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad pruned the hedge with shears.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:prune:x11:1
# text = Dad pruned the hedge with shears.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pruned	prune	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	shears	shear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prune** | past | Dad | the hedge |  |  |  | with shears | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hedge=Patient with shear=Instrument |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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