---
title: pseudo — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pseudo» in the Judaism dictionary: «pseudo-» means false or pretend, looking like something it is not: pseudoscience, pseudonym. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pseudo

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pseudo, His, I3en Sira, Mark, Astrology, you · **What happens:** mean, look, not be, pretend, be, talk · **To what, where:** pseudoscience, Alpha bet, Sira, pseudonym, program, pseudocode

<!-- .vabout -->
«pseudo» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pseudo in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/pseudo.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: prefix — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«pseudo-» means false or pretend, looking like something it is not: pseudoscience, pseudonym.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:m1:1
# text = «pseudo-» means false or pretend, looking like something it is not: pseudoscience, pseudonym.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	pretend	pretend	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
17	pseudoscience	pseudoscience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	pseudonym	pseudonym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | pseudo |  |  |  |  | false *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | pseudo *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like something | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **not** **is a** | present | pseudo | pseudoscience and pseudonym |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fake, not genuine, or pretending to be clever: «His pseudo-intellectual talk annoyed everyone.».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:m2:1
# text = Fake, not genuine, or pretending to be clever: «His pseudo-intellectual talk annoyed everyone.».
1	Fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	pretending	pretend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
14	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pretend** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | clever *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **talk** *in a quote* |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Like Ecclesiasticus, the Pseudo-I3en Sira's "Alpha- bet of ben Sira" was also attributed to Joshua ben Jehozadak. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Like Ecclesiasticus, the Pseudo-I3en Sira's "Alpha- bet of ben Sira" was also attributed to Joshua ben Jehozadak.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x1:1
# text = Like Ecclesiasticus, the Pseudo-I3en Sira's "Alpha- bet of ben Sira" was also attributed to Joshua ben Jehozadak.
1	Like	like	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Ecclesiasticus	Ecclesiasticus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	Pseudo	Pseudo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	I3en	I3en	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Sira	Sira	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Alpha	Alpha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	_
13	bet	bet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	ben	ben	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:desc	_	_
16	Sira	Sira	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
19	also	also	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	attributed	attribute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	ben	ben	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	Jehozadak	Jehozadak	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attribute** | past · passive |  | the I3en Sira's Alpha bet of Sira  ben |  |  |  | like Ecclesiasticus; to Joshua ben | tree rules |
| 2 | **bet** *in a quote* |  | the I3en Sira | Sira  ben |  |  |  |  | nom bet «possession transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x1:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x2:1
# text = Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.
1	Mark	Mark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Twain	Twain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pseudonym	pseudonym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	Clemens	Clemens	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mark | the pseudonym |  |  |  | of Samuel | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astrology is a pseudoscience, not a real science.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x3:1
# text = Astrology is a pseudoscience, not a real science.
1	Astrology	astrology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pseudoscience	pseudoscience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Astrology | a pseudoscience and a real science |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write your program in pseudocode first.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x4:1
# text = Write your program in pseudocode first.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pseudocode	pseudocode	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | your program |  | pseudocode |  | first *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent program=Theme in pseudocode=Destination |
| 2 | **program** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom program «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His pseudo-friendliness didn't fool anyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x5:1
# text = His pseudo-friendliness didn't fool anyone.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	friendliness	friendliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	fool	fool	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fool** | past · do-support | His pseudo friendliness | anyone |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some authors use a pseudonym to stay private.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x6:1
# text = Some authors use a pseudonym to stay private.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	authors	author	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pseudonym	pseudonym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | some authors | a pseudonym |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pseudonym=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | to-infinitive | some authors *not said here* |  |  |  |  | private *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The advert used pseudo-scientific words to sound clever.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:pseudo:x7:1
# text = The advert used pseudo-scientific words to sound clever.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	advert	advert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
4	pseudo	pseudo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	scientific	scientific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	sound	sound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sound** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | clever *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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