---
title: recline — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «recline» in the Judaism dictionary: To lean or lie back in a relaxed way, often resting on something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# recline

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, little water, I, thou, Grandad, She · **What happens:** lean, lie back, rest, let, fetch, wash · **To what, where:** relaxed way, something, little water, feet, yourselves, tree · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«recline» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [recline in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/recline.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lean or lie back in a relaxed way, often resting on something.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:m1:1
# text = To lean or lie back in a relaxed way, often resting on something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lean	lean	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	lie	lie	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	relaxed	relaxed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	resting	rest	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lean** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lie back** | infinitive |  |  |  | a relaxed way |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location |
| 3 | **rest** | gerund |  |  |  | something |  | often *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on something=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let now a little water be fetched, and wash your feet, and recline yourselves under the tree. (Torah GEN.18.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Let now a little water be fetched, and wash your feet, and recline yourselves under the tree.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:x1:1
# text = Let now a little water be fetched, and wash your feet, and recline yourselves under the tree.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	1	advmod	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	fetched	fetch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wash	wash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	recline	recline	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
16	yourselves	yourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	15	obj	_	_
17	under	under	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | a little water |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fetch** | infinitive · passive | a little water *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP» |
| 3 | **wash** | infinitive |  | your feet |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient |
| 4 | **recline** | infinitive |  | yourselves |  | the tree |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent yourselves=Theme under tree=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.18.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.18.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.18.4	GEN.18.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For of old time I have broken thy yoke, and burst thy bands, and thou saidst: 'I will not transgress'; upon every high hill and under every leafy tree thou didst recline, playing the harlot. (Prophets JER.2.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For of old time I have broken thy yoke, and burst thy bands, and thou saidst: 'I will not transgress'; upon every high hill and under every leafy tree thou didst recline, playing the harlot.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:x2:1
# text = For of old time I have broken thy yoke, and burst thy bands, and thou saidst: 'I will not transgress'; upon every high hill and under every leafy tree thou didst recline, playing the harlot.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	yoke	yoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	burst	burst	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
13	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	bands	band	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
18	saidst	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
20	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	transgress	transgress	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	det	_	_
29	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	under	under	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	35	det	_	_
34	leafy	leafy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	_
36	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nsubj	_	_
37	didst	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	acl:relcl	_	_
38	recline	recline	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	38	advcl	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	harlot	harlot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present · perfect | I | thy yoke |  |  | time |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer yoke=Patient |
| 2 | **burst** | past |  | thy bands |  |  |  | upon every high hill and every leafy tree | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location band=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **transgress** | future | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **do** | past | thou | every leafy tree *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Eventuality |
| 6 | **recline** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **play** | gerund |  | the harlot |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harlot=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.2.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:x2:2
# text = (Prophets JER.2.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.2.20	JER.2.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad likes to recline in his armchair after lunch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:x3:1
# text = Grandad likes to recline in his armchair after lunch.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	likes	like	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	recline	recline	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	armchair	armchair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **recline** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Grandad *not said here* |  |  | Grandad's armchair after lunch |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in armchair=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat reclined on the warm rug.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:x4:1
# text = The cat reclined on the warm rug.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	reclined	recline	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rug	rug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recline** | participle |  | the cat *not said here* |  | the warm rug |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on rug=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She reclined against a pile of cushions and read.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:recline:x5:1
# text = She reclined against a pile of cushions and read.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reclined	recline	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	against	against	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cushions	cushion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recline** | past | She |  |  | a pile of cushions |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent against pile=Location |
| 2 | **read** | infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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