---
title: reference — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «reference» in the Judaism dictionary: Talking about or mentioning something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# reference

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** book, note, you, letter, She, notes · **What happens:** talk about, mention, look up, say, find, know · **To what, where:** something, facts, piece, you, reference, sy08 section · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«reference» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [reference in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/reference.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Talking about or mentioning something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:m1:1
# text = Talking about or mentioning something.
1	Talking	talk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	about	about	ADP	IN	_	1	obl	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	mentioning	mention	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk about** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mention** *speech: other* | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"She made a reference to the trip."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:m1e:1
# text = "She made a reference to the trip."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | past | She | a reference |  |  |  | to the trip | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reference=Product |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A book or website where you look up facts, like a dictionary or encyclopedia.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:m2:1
# text = A book or website where you look up facts, like a dictionary or encyclopedia.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	website	website	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	encyclopedia	encyclopedia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look up** | present | a book or website | facts |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fact=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A note that says where you found a piece of information.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:m3:1
# text = A note that says where you found a piece of information.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a note |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **find** | past | you | a piece of information |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Topic |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A letter from someone who knows you, saying you are good for a job or school.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:m4:1
# text = A letter from someone who knows you, saying you are good for a job or school.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nmod	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	ccomp	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | a letter from someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | for a job or school; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
N\] = original page markers; \[N\] = note references (notes are in sy08 section). (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* N\] = original page markers; \[N\] = note references (notes are in sy08 section).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x1:1
# text = N] = original page markers; [N] = note references (notes are in sy08 section).
1	N	N	NUM	LS	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	1	punct	_	_
3	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	6	punct	_	_
4	original	original	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	markers	marker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
8	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	N	N	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	_
11	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	9	flat	_	_
12	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	references	reference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	sy08	sy08	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	section	section	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | notes |  |  | sy08 section |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Siphra Dtzeniouta, or Book of Concealed Mystery, translated by Mac Gregor Mathers, in his " Kabalah Denudata," opens with a reference to this Equilibrium as a fundamental neces- sity of stable existence. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The Siphra Dtzeniouta, or Book of Concealed Mystery, translated by Mac Gregor Mathers, in his " Kabalah Denudata," opens with a reference to this Equilibrium as a fundamental neces- sity of stable existence.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x2:1
# text = The Siphra Dtzeniouta, or Book of Concealed Mystery, translated by Mac Gregor Mathers, in his " Kabalah Denudata," opens with a reference to this Equilibrium as a fundamental neces- sity of stable existence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Siphra	Siphra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Dtzeniouta	Dtzeniouta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Book	Book	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Concealed	conceal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	Mystery	mystery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	translated	translate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	Mac	Mac	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
14	Gregor	Gregor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
15	Mathers	mather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Kabalah	Kabalah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl:agent	_	_
21	Denudata	Denudata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	_
24	opens	open	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	30	det	_	_
30	Equilibrium	Equilibrium	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	neces	nece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	-	-	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
36	sity	sity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	conj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	stable	stable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conceal** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **translate** | participle |  | the Siphra Dtzeniouta *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **open** | present | the Siphra Dtzeniouta |  | this Equilibrium |  |  | with a reference; as a fundamental neces and sity of stable existence | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to equilibrium=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It should probably be understood on one level as a reference to the ten digits of the decimal numeral system, though as we shall see, these Sefirot Belimah are imbued with metaphysical significance beyond mere numerals. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It should probably be understood on one level as a reference to the ten digits of the decimal numeral system, though as we shall see, these Sefirot Belimah are imbued with metaphysical significance beyond mere numerals.

<!-- fold The tree, 36 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x3:1
# text = It should probably be understood on one level as a reference to the ten digits of the decimal numeral system, though as we shall see, these Sefirot Belimah are imbued with metaphysical significance beyond mere numerals.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	digits	digit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	decimal	decimal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	though	though	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
23	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	30	det	_	_
29	Sefirot	Sefirot	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	Belimah	Belimah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
31	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	imbued	imbue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	conj	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	metaphysical	metaphysical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	significance	significance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	mere	mere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | should · passive |  | It |  | one level |  | as a reference; to the ten digits of the decimal numeral system; probably *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as reference=Attribute |
| 2 | **see** | shall | we |  |  |  |  | though *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **imbue** | present · passive |  | this Sefirot Belimah |  |  |  | with metaphysical significance; beyond mere numerals | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with significance=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dictionary is a reference book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x4:1
# text = A dictionary is a reference book.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a dictionary | a reference book |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write down your references at the end of the project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x5:1
# text = Write down your references at the end of the project.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	references	reference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | imperative | you *not said here* | your references |  |  | at the end of the project |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reference=Theme |
| 2 | **refer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom reference «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep the times table on the wall for reference.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x6:1
# text = Keep the times table on the wall for reference.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	compound	_	_
4	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | the times table |  | the wall |  | for reference | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent table=Theme on wall=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film makes a reference to an old fairy tale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x7:1
# text = The film makes a reference to an old fairy tale.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the film | a reference |  |  |  | to a old fairy tale | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset reference=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher wrote a reference for my sister.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x8:1
# text = The teacher wrote a reference for my sister.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the teacher | a reference |  |  |  | for my sister | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent reference=Result for sister=Beneficiary |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The library has a big reference section.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x9:1
# text = The library has a big reference section.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	section	section	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the library | a big reference section |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent section=Patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use the tree as a reference point on the map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:reference:x10:1
# text = Use the tree as a reference point on the map.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | the tree |  |  |  | as a reference point on the map | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent tree=Duration as point=Attribute |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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