---
title: refining — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «refining» in the Judaism dictionary: Purifying, as when metal is melted to remove the dross. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# refining

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** refining pot, LORD, praise, man · **What happens:** purify, melt, remove, refine, be, try · **To what, where:** metal, dross, hearts, man

<!-- .vabout -->
«refining» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [refining in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/refining.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Purifying, as when metal is melted to remove the dross.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:refining:m1:1
# text = Purifying, as when metal is melted to remove the dross.
1	Purifying	purify	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	melted	melt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	remove	remove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	dross	dross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **purify** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **melt** | present · passive |  | metal |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 3 | **remove** | to-infinitive |  | the dross |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dross=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold; but the LORD trieth the hearts. (Writings PRO.17.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold; but the LORD trieth the hearts.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:refining:x1:1
# text = The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold; but the LORD trieth the hearts.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	refining	refine	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	furnace	furnace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	trieth	try	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	hearts	heart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refine** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | the refining pot |  |  |  |  | for silver | tree rules |
| 3 | **try** | present | the LORD | the hearts |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.17.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:refining:x1:2
# text = (Writings PRO.17.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.17.3	PRO.17.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold, and a man is tried by his praise. (Writings PRO.27.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold, and a man is tried by his praise.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:refining:x2:1
# text = The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold, and a man is tried by his praise.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	refining	refine	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	furnace	furnace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	tried	try	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refine** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | the refining pot |  |  |  |  | for silver | tree rules |
| 3 | **try** | present · passive | man's praise | a man |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality |
| 4 | **praise** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom praise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.27.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:refining:x2:2
# text = (Writings PRO.27.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.27.21	PRO.27.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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