---
title: replace — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «replace» in the Judaism dictionary: To replace something means to put a new thing in the place of an old or broken one. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# replace

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, Rittangelius, Postellus, K, lastly Qoph, true K · **What happens:** replace, mean, put, take, put back, be · **To what, where:** something, new thing, place, someone, it, formative power · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«replace» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [replace in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/replace.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To replace something means to put a new thing in the place of an old or broken one.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:m1:1
# text = To replace something means to put a new thing in the place of an old or broken one.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
15	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	broken	broken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
18	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **put** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a new thing |  | the place of a old one |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thing=Theme in place=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To replace someone means to take their place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:m2:1
# text = To replace someone means to take their place.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme someone=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **take** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | their place |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To replace something can mean to put it back where it was.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:m3:1
# text = To replace something can mean to put it back where it was.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **put back** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal |
| 4 | **be** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rittangelius gives "replace the formative power upon his throne." Postellus gives "restore the device to its place." (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Rittangelius gives "replace the formative power upon his throne."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x1:1
# text = Rittangelius gives "replace the formative power upon his throne."
1	Rittangelius	Rittangelius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	formative	formative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	throne	throne	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Rittangelius |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **replace** *in a quote* | infinitive | Rittangelius *not said here* | the formative power |  |  |  | upon Rittangelius's throne | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme power=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Postellus gives "restore the device to its place."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x1:2
# text = Postellus gives "restore the device to its place."
1	Postellus	Postellus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	restore	restore	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Postellus |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **restore** *in a quote* | infinitive | Postellus *not said here* | the device | device's place |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent device=Theme to place=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x1:3
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
must not be confused with Zain, Z ; and lastly Qoph, Q is very often replaced by K, which is hardly defensible as there is a true K in addition. ' 44. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* must not be confused with Zain, Z ; and lastly Qoph, Q is very often replaced by K, which is hardly defensible as there is a true K in addition. '

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x2:1
# text = must not be confused with Zain, Z ; and lastly Qoph, Q is very often replaced by K, which is hardly defensible as there is a true K in addition. '
1	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	confused	confuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Zain	Zain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Z	z	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	lastly	lastly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	Qoph	Qoph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	Q	Q	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
16	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	often	often	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	replaced	replace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	K	K	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	defensible	defensible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	parataxis	_	_
26	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
27	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	28	expl	_	_
28	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	advcl	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	K	k	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	addition	addition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
35	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **confuse** | must · passive |  | lastly Qoph |  |  |  | with Zain | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: with zain=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **replace** | present · passive | K | Q |  |  |  | often *property* | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | lastly Qoph |  |  |  |  | defensible, hardly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** | present | a true K in addition |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* 44.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x2:2
# text = 44.
1	44	44	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x2:3
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We need to replace the batteries in the remote.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x3:1
# text = We need to replace the batteries in the remote.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	batteries	battery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	remote	remote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **replace** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | the batteries |  | the remote |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme battery=Co-Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please replace the books on the shelf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x4:1
# text = Please replace the books on the shelf.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	replace	replace	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shelf	shelf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | imperative | you *not said here* | the books |  | the shelf |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme book=Co-Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Replace x with 5 and work out the answer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x5:1
# text = Replace x with 5 and work out the answer.
1	Replace	replace	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	x	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	work	work	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | imperative | you *not said here* | x |  |  |  | with 5 | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme x=Location with 5=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **work out** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the answer |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A new teacher will replace Mrs Brown next term.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x6:1
# text = A new teacher will replace Mrs Brown next term.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	Mrs	Mrs	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	Brown	Brown	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
8	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | future | a new teacher | Mrs |  |  |  | next term *obl:unmarked* | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mrs=Co-Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Replace the lid tightly after using the glue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x7:1
# text = Replace the lid tightly after using the glue.
1	Replace	replace	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	tightly	tightly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	glue	glue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | imperative | you *not said here* | the lid |  |  |  | tightly *property* | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lid=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | you *not said here* | the glue |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glue=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Replace your helmet if it has been in a crash.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x8:1
# text = Replace your helmet if it has been in a crash.
1	Replace	replace	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
7	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	crash	crash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | imperative | you *not said here* | your helmet |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme helmet=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · perfect | helmet |  |  | a crash |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing can replace a good night's sleep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x9:1
# text = Nothing can replace a good night's sleep.
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | can | Nothing | a good night's sleep |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sleep=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** |  | a good night |  |  |  |  |  | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pirates listened grimly, and then replaced the mushroom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:replace:x10:1
# text = The pirates listened grimly, and then replaced the mushroom.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pirates	pirate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	grimly	grimly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	replaced	replace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mushroom	mushroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | past | the pirates |  |  |  |  | grimly *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **replace** | past | the pirates *not said here* | the mushroom |  |  | then |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mushroom=Co-Theme |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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