---
title: roof — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «roof» in the Judaism dictionary: A roof is the top covering of a building or vehicle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# roof

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** roof, thou, that, man, she, you · **What happens:** be, mean, live, build, make, not bring · **To what, where:** top covering, hard top part, mouth, place, new house, parapet

<!-- .vabout -->
«roof» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [roof in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/roof.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roof is the top covering of a building or vehicle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:m1:1
# text = A roof is the top covering of a building or vehicle.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	covering	covering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a roof | the top covering |  |  |  | of a building or vehicle | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The roof of your mouth is the hard top part inside your mouth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:m2:1
# text = The roof of your mouth is the hard top part inside your mouth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the roof of your mouth | the hard top part |  | your mouth |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roof over your head means a place to live.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:m3:1
# text = A roof over your head means a place to live.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | a roof over your head | a place |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic |
| 2 | **live** | to-infinitive | a roof over your head *not said here* | a place *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a parapet for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any man fall from thence. (Torah DEU.22.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a parapet for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any man fall from thence.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x1:1
# text = When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a parapet for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any man fall from thence.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	buildest	build	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
10	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	parapet	parapet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	nsubj	_	_
19	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
20	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
22	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
28	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	29	det	_	_
29	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	thence	thence	ADV	RB	_	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present | thou | a new house |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset house=Product |
| 2 | **make** | shall | thou | a parapet |  |  | then | for thy roof | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent parapet=Product for roof=Asset |
| 3 | **not** **bring** | infinitive | that | blood |  |  |  | upon thy house | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent blood=Theme |
| 4 | **fall** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | any man |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from thence=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.22.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x1:2
# text = (Torah DEU.22.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.22.8	DEU.22.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And before they were laid down, she came up unto them upon the roof; (Prophets JOS.2.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x2:1
# text = And before they were laid down, she came up unto them upon the roof; (Prophets JOS.2.8, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	up	up	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
19	JOS.2.8	JOS.2.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
22	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay down** | past · passive |  | they |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **come up** | past | she | Prophets |  | the roof |  | unto them *= they* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon roof=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The voice of the nobles was hushed, and their tongue cleaved to the roof of their mouth. (Writings JOB.29.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The voice of the nobles was hushed, and their tongue cleaved to the roof of their mouth.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x3:1
# text = The voice of the nobles was hushed, and their tongue cleaved to the roof of their mouth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nobles	noble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	hushed	hush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	cleaved	cleave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hush** | past · passive |  | the voice of the nobles |  |  |  | nobles's tongue *obl* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **cleave** | participle |  | nobles's tongue *not said here* |  |  |  | to the roof of nobles's mouth *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient to roof=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.29.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x3:2
# text = (Writings JOB.29.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.29.10	JOB.29.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if I remember thee not; if I set not Jerusalem above my chiefest joy. (Writings PSA.137.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Let my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if I remember thee not; if I set not Jerusalem above my chiefest joy.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x4:1
# text = Let my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if I remember thee not; if I set not Jerusalem above my chiefest joy.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cleave	cleave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	remember	remember	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
15	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	obj	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	set	set	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
22	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	above	above	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	chiefest	chief	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	26	amod	_	_
26	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cleave** | present | my tongue |  |  |  |  | to the roof of my mouth *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient to roof=Result |
| 3 | **not** **remember** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | I | thee |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent thou=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **set** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | I | Jerusalem |  | my chiefest joy |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent jerusalem=Theme above joy=Destination |
| 5 | **joy** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom joy «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.137.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.137.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.137.6	PSA.137.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat is sitting on the roof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x5:1
# text = The cat is sitting on the roof.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present · progressive | the cat |  |  | the roof |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on roof=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rain drummed on the roof all night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x6:1
# text = Rain drummed on the roof all night.
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	drummed	drum	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | participle |  | Rain *not said here* |  |  | night | on the roof | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent on roof=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car has a sunroof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x7:1
# text = The car has a sunroof.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sunroof	sunroof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the car | a sunroof |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunroof=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The roof of the old barn leaked.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x8:1
# text = The roof of the old barn leaked.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	leaked	leak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leak** | participle |  | the old barn *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum hit the roof when she saw the mess.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x9:1
# text = Mum hit the roof when she saw the mess.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mess	mess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | Mum | the roof |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme roof=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | Mum | the mess |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mess=Stimulus |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peanut butter sticks to the roof of your mouth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x10:1
# text = Peanut butter sticks to the roof of your mouth.
1	Peanut	peanut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick** | present | Peanut butter |  |  |  |  | to the roof of your mouth | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone was under one roof for the party.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x11:1
# text = Everyone was under one roof for the party.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Everyone |  |  | one roof |  | for the party | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The roof sloped nearly to the ground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:roof:x12:1
# text = The roof sloped nearly to the ground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sloped	slope	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slope** | past | the roof |  |  |  |  | to the ground; nearly *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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