---
title: rottenness — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rottenness» in the Judaism dictionary: The state of decaying or rotting, especially of wood or bones. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/rottenness/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [R](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/) / rottenness

# rottenness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** state, I, tranquil heart, envy, virtuous woman, woman · **What happens:** decay, rot, be, do · **To what, where:** life, rottenness, crown, bones

<!-- .vabout -->
«rottenness» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rottenness in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/rottenness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The state of decaying or rotting, especially of wood or bones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:rottenness:m1:1
# text = The state of decaying or rotting, especially of wood or bones.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	decaying	decay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	rotting	rot	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decay** | gerund | the state *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of wood or bones | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **rot** | gerund | the state *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore am I unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness. (Prophets HOS.5.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Therefore am I unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:rottenness:x1:1
# text = Therefore am I unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ephraim	Ephraim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	rottenness	rottenness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | unto Ephraim; as a moth; therefore *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets HOS.5.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:rottenness:x1:2
# text = (Prophets HOS.5.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	HOS.5.12	HOS.5.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tranquil heart is the life of the flesh; but envy is the rottenness of the bones. (Writings PRO.14.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A tranquil heart is the life of the flesh; but envy is the rottenness of the bones.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:rottenness:x2:1
# text = A tranquil heart is the life of the flesh; but envy is the rottenness of the bones.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tranquil	tranquil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	envy	envy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	rottenness	rottenness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a tranquil heart | the life but the rottenness |  |  |  | of the flesh | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | envy | the rottenness |  |  |  | of the bones | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.14.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:rottenness:x2:2
# text = (Writings PRO.14.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.14.30	PRO.14.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband; but she that doeth shamefully is as rottenness in his bones. (Writings PRO.12.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband; but she that doeth shamefully is as rottenness in his bones.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:rottenness:x3:1
# text = A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband; but she that doeth shamefully is as rottenness in his bones.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	virtuous	virtuous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crown	crown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj	_	_
14	doeth	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
15	shamefully	shamefully	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	rottenness	rottenness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a virtuous woman | a crown |  |  |  | to woman's husband | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | woman | a crown *not said here* |  |  |  | shamefully *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crown=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | present | a crown |  |  | husband's bones |  | as rottenness | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PRO.12.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:rottenness:x3:2
# text = (Writings PRO.12.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PRO.12.4	PRO.12.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [rotten](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/rotten/)
- next →: [rough](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/rough/)
- ↑ back to [R in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/)