---
title: sad — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sad» in the Judaism dictionary: Sad means unhappy, feeling sorrow, often wanting to cry. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sad

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sad, you, Joseph, they, he, officers · **What happens:** mean, feel, want, cry, make, be · **To what, where:** sorrow, you, them, officers, ward, ye · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sad» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sad in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/sad.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sad means unhappy, feeling sorrow, often wanting to cry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:m1:1
# text = Sad means unhappy, feeling sorrow, often wanting to cry.
1	Sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
6	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	wanting	want	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	cry	cry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Sad |  |  |  |  | unhappy *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **feel** | gerund | Sad *not said here* | sorrow |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sorrow=Theme |
| 3 | **want** | gerund | Sad *not said here* |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 4 | **cry** *speech: express* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Sad *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sad means making you feel unhappy: sad news, a sad film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:m2:1
# text = Sad means making you feel unhappy: sad news, a sad film.
1	Sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Sad |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** *not said to happen* | gerund | Sad *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **feel** *not said to happen* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unhappy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sad (informal) can mean boring or embarrassing — can be unkind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:m3:1
# text = Sad (informal) can mean boring or embarrassing — can be unkind.
1	Sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	boring	boring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	embarrassing	embarrassing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
13	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Sad |  |  |  |  | boring *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | can | Sad *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unkind *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Joseph came in unto them in the morning, and saw them, and, behold, they were sad. (Torah GEN.40.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Joseph came in unto them in the morning, and saw them, and, behold, they were sad.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x1:1
# text = And Joseph came in unto them in the morning, and saw them, and, behold, they were sad.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	21	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come in** | past | Joseph |  |  |  | morning | unto them *= they* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | Joseph *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | they |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.40.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.40.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.40.6	GEN.40.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he asked Pharaoh's officers that were with him in the ward of his master's house, saying: 'Wherefore look ye so sad to-day?' (Torah GEN.40.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he asked Pharaoh's officers that were with him in the ward of his master's house, saying: 'Wherefore look ye so sad to-day?'

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x2:1
# text = And he asked Pharaoh's officers that were with him in the ward of his master's house, saying: 'Wherefore look ye so sad to-day?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	officers	officer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ward	ward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	24	advmod	_	_
24	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
25	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	obj	_	_
26	so	so	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	xcomp	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | he | Pharaoh's officers |  | the ward of Pharaoh's master's house |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent officer=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | past | Pharaoh's officers |  |  |  |  | with Pharaoh | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **look** | infinitive |  | ye |  |  |  | sad, wherefore *property* | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ye=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.40.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.40.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.40.7	GEN.40.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence. (Writings NEH.2.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x3:1
# text = Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
6	beforetime	beforetime	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | past · perfect | I |  |  | his presence | now | beforetime, sad *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings NEH.2.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x3:2
# text = (Writings NEH.2.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	NEH.2.1	NEH.2.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If I say: 'I will forget my complaint, I will put off my sad countenance, and be of good cheer', (Writings JOB.9.27, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x4:1
# text = If I say: 'I will forget my complaint, I will put off my sad countenance, and be of good cheer', (Writings JOB.9.27, JPS 1917)
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	forget	forget	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	complaint	complaint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
15	off	off	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	countenance	countenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	cheer	cheer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	',	',	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
26	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	appos	_	_
28	JOB.9.27	JOB.9.27	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	flat	_	_
31	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	27	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *a condition, not said to happen* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **forget** | future | I | my complaint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **put off** | future | I | my sad countenance |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent countenance=Goal |
| 4 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of good cheer | tree rules |
| 5 | **complain** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom complaint «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And she said: 'Let thy servant find favour in thy sight.' So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad. (Prophets 1SA.1.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And she said: 'Let thy servant find favour in thy sight.'

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x5:1
# text = And she said: 'Let thy servant find favour in thy sight.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  | thy servant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | infinitive | thy servant *not said here* | favour |  | thy sight |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent favour=Topic |
| 4 | **sight** |  | thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x5:2
# text = So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
13	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	countenance	countenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	no	no	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	18	amod	_	_
18	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the woman | woman's way |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | past · do-support | the woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** | past | woman's countenance |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Prophets 1SA.1.18, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x5:3
# text = (Prophets 1SA.1.18, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1SA.1.18	1SA.1.18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I felt sad when my goldfish died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x6:1
# text = I felt sad when my goldfish died.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | I |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **die** | past | my goldfish |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She looks sad — let's ask if she's okay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x7:1
# text = She looks sad — let's ask if she's okay.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	okay	okay	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | She |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | She *not said here* | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | 's *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | she |  |  |  |  | okay *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is the saddest film I've seen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x8:1
# text = This is the saddest film I've seen.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	saddest	sad	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	've	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | the saddest film |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | present · perfect | I | the saddest film *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer film=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's sad that the park is closing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x9:1
# text = It's sad that the park is closing.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	closing	close	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **close** | present · progressive | the park |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was sad about leaving his friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x10:1
# text = He was sad about leaving his friends.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | gerund | He *not said here* | his friends |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's okay to be sad sometimes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x11:1
# text = It's okay to be sad sometimes.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	okay	okay	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	csubj	_	_
7	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | okay *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | sad, sometimes *property* | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw a sad face and a happy face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x12:1
# text = Draw a sad face and a happy face.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | a sad face and a happy face |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sad to say, we lost the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x13:1
# text = Sad to say, we lost the match.
1	Sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | past | we | the match |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent match=Eventuality |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This made the boy very sad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sad:x14:1
# text = This made the boy very sad.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | This | the boy |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset boy=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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