---
title: sang — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sang» in the Judaism dictionary: The past simple form of «sing»: made musical sounds with the voice. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sang

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Miriam, horse, I, Moses, singers, words · **What happens:** make, form, sing, spring up, exalt, have · **To what, where:** sing, high musical sound, song, Israel, ye, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sang» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sang in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/sang.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The past simple form of «sing»: made musical sounds with the voice.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:m1:1
# text = The past simple form of «sing»: made musical sounds with the voice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	sing	sing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
11	musical	musical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **form** |  |  | sing |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of birds, kettles, wind — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Made a high, musical sound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:m2:1
# text = Made a high, musical sound.
1	Made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	musical	musical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past |  | a high musical sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then sang Israel this song: Spring up, O well — sing ye unto it — (Torah NUM.21.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x1:1
# text = Then sang Israel this song: Spring up, O well — sing ye unto it — (Torah NUM.21.17, JPS 1917)
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Spring	spring	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	O	O	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	vocative	_	_
11	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
12	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	sing	sing	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
14	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	obj	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
17	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	NUM.21.17	NUM.21.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
23	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past |  | this song | Israel |  | then |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent israel=Beneficiary song=Theme |
| 2 | **spring up** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | O *vocative*; well *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | infinitive |  | ye |  |  |  | unto song | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ye=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to the LORD, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea. (Torah EXO.15.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to the LORD, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x2:1
# text = And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to the LORD, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Miriam	Miriam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	highly	highly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
24	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
25	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	xcomp	_	_
27	into	into	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | Miriam |  |  |  |  | unto them *= they* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | infinitive | Miriam *not said here* | ye | the LORD |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent ye=Topic to lord=Recipient |
| 3 | **exalt** | present · passive |  | Miriam |  |  |  | highly *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 4 | **have** | present | the horse and Miriam's rider |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **throw** | participle | Miriam |  |  |  |  | into the sea *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer into sea=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.15.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.15.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.15.21	EXO.15.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea. (Torah EXO.15.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.

<!-- fold The tree, 38 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x3:1
# text = Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
23	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
28	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
30	highly	highly	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	conj	_	_
38	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
39	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
40	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	38	xcomp	_	_
41	into	into	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past |  | this song | Moses |  | then | unto the LORD | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent moses=Beneficiary song=Theme |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **sing** *speech: express* | future | I |  |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 5 | **exalt** | present · passive |  | Moses |  |  |  | highly *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 6 | **have** | present | the horse and Moses's rider |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **throw** | participle | Moses |  |  |  |  | into the sea *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer into sea=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.15.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x3:2
# text = (Torah EXO.15.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.15.1	EXO.15.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the singers sang loud, with Jezrahiah their overseer. (Writings NEH.12.42, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the singers sang loud, with Jezrahiah their overseer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x4:1
# text = And the singers sang loud, with Jezrahiah their overseer.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	singers	singer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	Jezrahiah	Jezrahiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	overseer	overseer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | the singers |  |  |  |  | with singers's Jezrahiah overseer; loud *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with overseer=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings NEH.12.42, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x4:2
# text = (Writings NEH.12.42, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	NEH.12.42	NEH.12.42	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then believed they His words; they sang His praise. (Writings PSA.106.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then believed they His words; they sang His praise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x5:1
# text = Then believed they His words; they sang His praise.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | past |  | they |  |  | then |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme word=Eventuality |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | words *= word* | His praise |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location praise=Theme |
| 3 | **word** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **praise** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom praise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.106.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x5:2
# text = (Writings PSA.106.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.106.12	PSA.106.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then sang Deborah and Barak the son of Abinoam on that day, saying: (Prophets JDG.5.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x6:1
# text = Then sang Deborah and Barak the son of Abinoam on that day, saying: (Prophets JDG.5.1, JPS 1917)
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Deborah	Deborah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Barak	Barak	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Abinoam	Abinoam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
18	JDG.5.1	JDG.5.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past |  | the son of Abinoam | Deborah and Barak |  | then; day |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent deborah=Beneficiary son=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | Prophets |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent prophet=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sang «Happy Birthday» to Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x7:1
# text = We sang «Happy Birthday» to Mum.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Birthday	Birthday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | We | Happy Birthday | Mum |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent birthday=Topic to mum=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The birds sang outside my window.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x8:1
# text = The birds sang outside my window.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | the birds |  |  | my window |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme outside window=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The choir sang 5 songs in the concert.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x9:1
# text = The choir sang 5 songs in the concert.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	choir	choir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	concert	concert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | the choir | 5 songs |  | the concert |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sang along to the radio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x10:1
# text = She sang along to the radio.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	along	along	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | She |  | the radio |  |  | along *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to radio=Recipient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kettle sang on the stove.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x11:1
# text = The kettle sang on the stove.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kettle	kettle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stove	stove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | the kettle |  |  | the stove |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on stove=Location |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone sang the national anthem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x12:1
# text = Everyone sang the national anthem.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	anthem	anthem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | Everyone | the national anthem |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location anthem=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher sang our praises to the head.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x13:1
# text = The teacher sang our praises to the head.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	praises	praise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | the teacher | our praises | the head |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent praise=Topic to head=Recipient |
| 2 | **praise** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom praise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These were the words he sang:

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:sang:x14:1
# text = These were the words he sang:
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | These | the words |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | he | the words *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location word=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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