---
title: scribe — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «scribe» in the Judaism dictionary: A person whose job was to write or copy documents by hand, before printing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# scribe

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** scribes, adult, pupil, God, Thirty mysterious ways, two mysterious ways · **What happens:** be, copy, print, write down, answer, inspire · **To what, where:** documents, experts, Jewish law, answers, test, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«scribe» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [scribe in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/scribe.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person whose job was to write or copy documents by hand, before printing.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:m1:1
# text = A person whose job was to write or copy documents by hand, before printing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	copy	copy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
10	documents	document	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	printing	print	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | write *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **copy** | infinitive |  | documents |  |  |  | by hand | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent document=Theme by hand=Destination |
| 3 | **print** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the New Testament, the scribes were experts in Jewish law.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:m2:1
# text = In the New Testament, the scribes were experts in Jewish law.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	New	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Testament	Testament	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	scribes	scribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	experts	expert	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	Jewish	Jewish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the scribes | experts |  | Jewish law |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: school — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adult who writes down a pupil's answers in a test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:m3:1
# text = An adult who writes down a pupil's answers in a test.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	writes	write	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | present | a adult | a pupil's answers |  | a test |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent answer=Theme in test=Destination |
| 2 | **answer** |  | a pupil |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, humorous — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A writer or journalist.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:m4:1
# text = A writer or journalist.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	writer	writer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	journalist	journalist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(1) "isiD (Scribe), the man whom God inspired to invent the alphabet; (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x1:1
# text = (1) "isiD (Scribe), the man whom God inspired to invent the alphabet; (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	1	1	NUM	LS	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	isiD	isid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
12	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
13	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	inspired	inspire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	invent	invent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
29	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	31	case	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	fixed	_	_
31	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
32	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	flat	_	_
33	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	34	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **inspire** *in a quote* | past | God | the man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **invent** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | God *not said here* | the alphabet |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alphabet=Result |
| 3 | **accord** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thirty-two mysterious ways has the Lord, Lord of hosts, ordained through Scribe, Script, and Scroll. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thirty-two mysterious ways has the Lord, Lord of hosts, ordained through Scribe, Script, and Scroll.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x2:1
# text = Thirty-two mysterious ways has the Lord, Lord of hosts, ordained through Scribe, Script, and Scroll.
1	Thirty	thirty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	conj	_	_
4	mysterious	mysterious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	ordained	ordain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
15	through	through	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Scribe	Scribe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Script	Script	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	Scroll	scroll	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Thirty mysterious ways | the Lord and Lord of hosts |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Patient |
| 2 | **ordain** | participle |  | the Lord and Lord of hosts *not said here* |  |  |  | through Scribe and Script | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **scroll** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x2:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Thirty-two mysterious ways has the Lord, the Lord of hosts, ordained through Scribe, Script and Scroll." (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* "Thirty-two mysterious ways has the Lord, the Lord of hosts, ordained through Scribe, Script and Scroll."

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x3:1
# text = "Thirty-two mysterious ways has the Lord, the Lord of hosts, ordained through Scribe, Script and Scroll."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Thirty	thirty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	mysterious	mysterious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	ordained	ordain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
17	through	through	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Scribe	Scribe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Script	Script	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	Scroll	Scroll	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | two mysterious ways | the Lord and the Lord of hosts |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Patient |
| 2 | **ordain** *in a quote* | participle |  | the Lord and the Lord of hosts *not said here* |  |  |  | through Scribe and Script and Scroll | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x3:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and Sheva was scribe; and Zadok and Abiathar were priests; (Prophets 2SA.20.25, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x4:1
# text = and Sheva was scribe; and Zadok and Abiathar were priests; (Prophets 2SA.20.25, JPS 1917)
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Sheva	Sheva	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
7	Zadok	Zadok	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Abiathar	Abiathar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	_
15	2SA.20.25	2SA.20.25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:unmarked	_	_
18	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | Sheva scribe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | Zadok priests |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lo, certainly in vain hath wrought the vain pen of the scribes. (Prophets JER.8.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lo, certainly in vain hath wrought the vain pen of the scribes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x5:1
# text = Lo, certainly in vain hath wrought the vain pen of the scribes.
1	Lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
6	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	scribes	scribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  | certainly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wrought** | past |  | the vain pen of the scribes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.8.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x5:2
# text = (Prophets JER.8.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.8.8	JER.8.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder; (Prophets 1KI.4.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x6:1
# text = Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, the recorder; (Prophets 1KI.4.3, JPS 1917)
1	Elihoreph	Elihoreph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Ahijah	Ahijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Shisha	Shisha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	scribes	scribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	Jehoshaphat	Jehoshaphat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Ahilud	Ahilud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
23	1KI.4.3	1KI.4.3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	22	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
26	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	25	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ancient Egyptian scribes wrote on papyrus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x7:1
# text = Ancient Egyptian scribes wrote on papyrus.
1	Ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	Egyptian	Egyptian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	scribes	scribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	papyrus	papyrus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | Ancient Egyptian scribes |  |  | papyrus |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on papyrus=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monk worked as a scribe copying the Bible.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x8:1
# text = The monk worked as a scribe copying the Bible.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monk	monk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	copying	copy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	acl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | past | the monk |  |  |  |  | as a scribe | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.attribute PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent as scribe=Attribute |
| 2 | **copy** | gerund | a scribe *not said here* | the Bible |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bible=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Bible, Jesus argued with the scribes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x9:1
# text = In the Bible, Jesus argued with the scribes.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	argued	argue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	scribes	scribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | past | Jesus |  |  | the Bible |  | with the scribes | vn chit\_chat-37.6-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with scribe=Co-Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A scribe helped Sam write his test answers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x10:1
# text = A scribe helped Sam write his test answers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | a scribe |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **write** | infinitive | Sam | Sam's test answers |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme |
| 3 | **answer** |  | Sam |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can be the scribe for your group.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x11:1
# text = You can be the scribe for your group.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | You | the scribe |  |  |  | for your group | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king's scribe wrote down every word.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x12:1
# text = The king's scribe wrote down every word.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	scribe	scribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | past | the king's scribe | every word |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By his orders this story and the others I had told him were written by his scribes in letters of gold, and laid up among his treasures.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:scribe:x13:1
# text = By his orders this story and the others I had told him were written by his scribes in letters of gold, and laid up among his treasures.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	xcomp	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	scribes	scribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	among	among	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	treasures	treasure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past · perfect · passive | his orders | this story and the others |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **write** *not said to happen* | past · passive | his scribes | him *= he* |  | letters of gold |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in letter=Destination |
| 3 | **lay up** | participle | his orders *not said here* |  |  | his treasures |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent among treasure=Destination |
| 4 | **order** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom order «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **letter** |  |  | gold |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **treasure** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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