---
title: semitic — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «semitic» in the Judaism dictionary: to do with the peoples and languages of the Middle East, such as Hebrew and Arabic. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# semitic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** grouping, word · **What happens:** do, be, find, process, not be, accord · **To what, where:** one, Semitic authors, origin, opinion, Greek

<!-- .vabout -->
«semitic» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [semitic in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/semitic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
to do with the peoples and languages of the Middle East, such as Hebrew and Arabic.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:m1:1
# text = to do with the peoples and languages of the Middle East, such as Hebrew and Arabic.
1	to	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	Hebrew	Hebrew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with the peoples and languages of the Middle East | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grouping of the processes of origin into an arrangement, at once alphabetic and numeral, is one only to be found in Semitic authors. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The grouping of the processes of origin into an arrangement, at once alphabetic and numeral, is one only to be found in Semitic authors.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:x1:1
# text = The grouping of the processes of origin into an arrangement, at once alphabetic and numeral, is one only to be found in Semitic authors.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grouping	grouping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	processes	process	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	14	advmod	_	_
14	alphabetic	alphabetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
20	only	only	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Semitic	Semitic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	authors	author	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the grouping of the processes of origin into a arrangement | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  | Semitic authors |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF» |
| 3 | **process** |  |  | origin |  |  |  |  | nom process «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But the word is not of Semitic origin; it is, according to my opinion, borrowed from the Greek as the word סימן, etc., Πλημη flood. אבנים מפלמות flood-stones. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But the word is not of Semitic origin; it is, according to my opinion, borrowed from the Greek as the word סימן, etc., Πλημη flood.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:x2:1
# text = But the word is not of Semitic origin; it is, according to my opinion, borrowed from the Greek as the word סימן, etc., Πλημη flood.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Semitic	semitic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	case	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	obl	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	סימן	סימן	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	etc.	etc.	NOUN	FW	Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	Πλημη	πλημη	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | the word |  |  |  |  | of Semitic origin and my opinion and etc. and Πλημη flood | tree rules |
| 2 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | word |  |  |  |  | accord my opinion and etc. and Πλημη flood | tree rules |
| 4 | **borrow** | participle |  | my opinion and etc. and Πλημη flood *not said here* |  | the Greek |  | as the word סימן | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from greek=Source |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* אבנים מפלמות flood-stones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:x2:2
# text = אבנים מפלמות flood-stones.
1	אבנים	אבנים	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	מפלמות	מפלמות	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
3	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:x2:3
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Table of Semitic characters by Julius Euting, No. 52, 03. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Table of Semitic characters by Julius Euting, No. 52, 03.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:x3:1
# text = Table of Semitic characters by Julius Euting, No. 52, 03.
1	Table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	Semitic	Semitic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	characters	character	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Julius	Julius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	Euting	Euting	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	No.	No.	PROPN	NNP	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	52	52	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	03	03	NUM	CD	ExtPos=PROPN|NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:semitic:x3:2
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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