---
title: shoulder — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shoulder» in the Judaism dictionary: Your shoulder is the part of your body where your arm joins the rest of your body, below your neck. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shoulder

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shoulder, arm, cars, something, They, It · **What happens:** be, join, stop, mean, carry, take · **To what, where:** part, rest, strip, edge, it, shoulder · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shoulder» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shoulder in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/shoulder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your shoulder is the part of your body where your arm joins the rest of your body, below your neck.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:m1:1
# text = Your shoulder is the part of your body where your arm joins the rest of your body, below your neck.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	joins	join	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	below	below	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your shoulder | the part |  |  |  | of your body | tree rules |
| 2 | **join** | present | your arm | the rest of your body |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shoulder of a road (US, Canada, Australia) is the strip at the edge where cars can stop.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:m2:1
# text = The shoulder of a road (US, Canada, Australia) is the strip at the edge where cars can stop.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	strip	strip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	22	advmod	_	_
20	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
21	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the shoulder of a road | the strip |  | the edge |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stop** | can | cars |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shoulder something means to carry it on your shoulder, or to take on a job or blame.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:m3:1
# text = To shoulder something means to carry it on your shoulder, or to take on a job or blame.
1	To	to	ADP	TO	_	2	case	_	_
2	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	blame	blame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **carry** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | something *not said here* | it |  | your shoulder |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive | something *not said here* |  |  | a job or blame |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on job=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They made shoulder-pieces for it, joined together; at the two ends was it joined together. (Torah EXO.39.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They made shoulder-pieces for it, joined together; at the two ends was it joined together.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x1:1
# text = They made shoulder-pieces for it, joined together; at the two ends was it joined together.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	ends	end	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
19	together	together	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | They | shoulder pieces |  |  |  | for it | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent piece=Product for it=Asset |
| 2 | **join** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **join** | past · passive |  | it |  |  | at the two ends | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.39.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x1:2
# text = (Torah EXO.39.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.39.4	EXO.39.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It shall have two shoulder-pieces joined to the two ends thereof, that it may be joined together. (Torah EXO.28.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It shall have two shoulder-pieces joined to the two ends thereof, that it may be joined together.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x2:1
# text = It shall have two shoulder-pieces joined to the two ends thereof, that it may be joined together.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
5	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
8	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
12	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
20	together	together	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | shall | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **join** | participle |  | two shoulder pieces *not said here* |  |  |  | to the two | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient to two=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **end** | present | two shoulder pieces |  |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **join** | may · passive |  | it |  |  |  | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.28.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x2:2
# text = (Torah EXO.28.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.28.7	EXO.28.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders. (Torah EXO.12.34, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x3:1
# text = And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	leavened	leaven	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
13	kneading	kneading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	troughs	trough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
18	up	up	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	17	obl	_	_
22	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the people | people's dough |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dough=Theme |
| 2 | **leaven** | past · passive |  | dough |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |
| 3 | **bind up** | gerund · passive |  | people's kneading troughs |  |  |  | in people's clothes upon people's shoulders | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in clothes=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah EXO.12.34, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x3:2
# text = (Torah EXO.12.34, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	EXO.12.34	EXO.12.34	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'I removed his shoulder from the burden; His hands were freed from the basket. (Writings PSA.81.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 'I removed his shoulder from the burden; His hands were freed from the basket.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x4:1
# text = 'I removed his shoulder from the burden; His hands were freed from the basket.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	removed	remove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	burden	burden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	freed	free	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | past | I | his shoulder |  | the burden |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent shoulder=Theme from burden=Source |
| 2 | **free** | past · passive |  | His hands |  | the basket |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Source |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.81.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.81.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.81.7	PSA.81.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then let my shoulder fall from the shoulder-blade, and mine arm be broken from the bone. (Writings JOB.31.22, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then let my shoulder fall from the shoulder-blade, and mine arm be broken from the bone.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x5:1
# text = Then let my shoulder fall from the shoulder-blade, and mine arm be broken from the bone.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall** | infinitive | my shoulder |  |  | the shoulder blade |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from blade=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **break** | infinitive · passive |  | mine |  |  |  | from the bone | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient from bone=Co-Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.31.22, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.31.22, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.31.22	JOB.31.22	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a javelin of brass between his shoulders. (Prophets 1SA.17.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a javelin of brass between his shoulders.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x6:1
# text = And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a javelin of brass between his shoulders.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	greaves	greave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	javelin	javelin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	between	between	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | he | greaves of brass |  |  |  | upon his legs; a javelin of brass between his shoulders *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent greave=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 1SA.17.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x6:2
# text = (Prophets 1SA.17.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1SA.17.6	1SA.17.6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She carried her bag on her shoulder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x7:1
# text = She carried her bag on her shoulder.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | She | her bag |  | her shoulder |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He shrugged his shoulders; he didn't know.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x8:1
# text = He shrugged his shoulders; he didn't know.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shrugged	shrug	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrug** | past | He | his shoulders |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoulder=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x9:1
# text = The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
5	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	socket	socket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	joint	joint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the shoulder | a ball socket joint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My dad lifted me onto his shoulders to see the parade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x10:1
# text = My dad lifted me onto his shoulders to see the parade.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	parade	parade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | past | My dad | me |  | dad's shoulders |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme onto shoulder=Destination |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | My dad *not said here* | the parade |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer parade=Stimulus |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tap her on the shoulder to say hello.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x11:1
# text = Tap her on the shoulder to say hello.
1	Tap	tap	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
8	hello	hello	INTJ	UH	_	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tap** | imperative | you *not said here* | her *= she* |  |  |  | on the shoulder | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent she=Instrument on shoulder=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hello=Topic |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car pulled over onto the shoulder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x12:1
# text = The car pulled over onto the shoulder.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull over** | past · passive |  | the car |  | the shoulder |  | over *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Head, shoulders, knees and toes!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x13:1
# text = Head, shoulders, knees and toes!
1	Head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	toes	toe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But an iron claw gripped his shoulder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shoulder:x14:1
# text = But an iron claw gripped his shoulder.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	claw	claw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	gripped	grip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | past | a iron claw | claw's shoulder |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoulder=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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