---
title: shrivel — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shrivel» in the Judaism dictionary: To become smaller, dry and wrinkled, often because of heat, cold or lack of water. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shrivel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, I, grains, flowers, Grapes, fingers · **What happens:** become, wrinkle, lack, make, do, feel · **To what, where:** heat, water, something, this, hoes, garners

<!-- .vabout -->
«shrivel» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shrivel in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/shrivel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To become smaller, dry and wrinkled, often because of heat, cold or lack of water.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:m1:1
# text = To become smaller, dry and wrinkled, often because of heat, cold or lack of water.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	become	become	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | to-infinitive |  | heat and cold or lack of water |  |  |  | small *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **wrinkle** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **lack** |  |  | water |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make something do this.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:m2:1
# text = To make something do this.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive | something *not said here* | this |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To feel very small or ashamed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:m3:1
# text = To feel very small or ashamed.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	feel	feel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | small *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I shrivelled with embarrassment."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:m3e:1
# text = "I shrivelled with embarrassment."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	embarrassment	embarrassment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell** *in a quote* | past | I |  |  |  |  | with embarrassment | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grains shrivel under their hoes; the garners are laid desolate, the barns are broken down; for the corn is withered. (Prophets JOL.1.17, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The grains shrivel under their hoes; the garners are laid desolate, the barns are broken down; for the corn is withered.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x1:1
# text = The grains shrivel under their hoes; the garners are laid desolate, the barns are broken down; for the corn is withered.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grains	grain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shrivel	shrivel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hoes	hoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	garners	garner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
12	desolate	desolate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	barns	barn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
18	down	down	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	withered	wither	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivel** | present | the grains |  |  | grains's hoes |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **lay** | present · passive |  | the garners |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **desolate** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **break down** | present · passive |  | the barns |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **wither** | present · passive |  | the corn |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOL.1.17, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JOL.1.17, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOL.1.17	JOL.1.17	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flowers shrivelled in the heat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x2:1
# text = The flowers shrivelled in the heat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell** | past | the flowers |  |  | the heat |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grapes shrivel into raisins when they dry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x3:1
# text = Grapes shrivel into raisins when they dry.
1	Grapes	grape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shrivel	shrivel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	raisins	raisin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	dry	dry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivel** | present | Grapes |  |  |  |  | into raisins *result* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent into raisin=Result |
| 2 | **dry** | present | Grapes *= grape* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My fingers shrivel in the bath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x4:1
# text = My fingers shrivel in the bath.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shrivel	shrivel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivel** | present | My fingers |  |  | the bath |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leaves shrivelled up and fell off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x5:1
# text = The leaves shrivelled up and fell off.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell up** | past | the leaves |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall off** | past | the leaves *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The slug shrivelled when salt touched it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x6:1
# text = The slug shrivelled when salt touched it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	slug	slug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell** | past | the slug |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **touch** | past | salt | slug |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I shrivelled with embarrassment when I fell over on stage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x7:1
# text = I shrivelled with embarrassment when I fell over on stage.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	embarrassment	embarrassment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	over	over	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	stage	stage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell** | past | I |  |  |  |  | with embarrassment | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall over** | past | I |  |  | stage |  | over *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on stage=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Till thy skin shrivels up and thou art a skeleton!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivel:x8:1
# text = Till thy skin shrivels up and thou art a skeleton!
1	Till	till	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
4	shrivels	shrivel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nsubj	_	_
8	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivel up** | present |  |  |  |  | till thy skin |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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