---
title: shrivelled — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shrivelled» in the Judaism dictionary: Shrivelled means dried up and wrinkled, shrunk small and tight, like an old apple or a dead leaf. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shrivelled

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Thou, leanness, visage, shrivelled frog, He, old dwarf · **What happens:** shrivell, mean, dry up, wrinkle, shrink, shrivell up · **To what, where:** me, witness, face, they, streets, skin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shrivelled» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shrivelled in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/shrivelled.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shrivelled means dried up and wrinkled, shrunk small and tight, like an old apple or a dead leaf.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:m1:1
# text = Shrivelled means dried up and wrinkled, shrunk small and tight, like an old apple or a dead leaf.
1	Shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	wrinkled	wrinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	shrunk	shrink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	tight	tight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **dry up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **wrinkle** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **shrink** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | like a old apple or a dead leaf; small *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Thou hast shrivelled me up, which is a witness against me; and my leanness riseth up against me, it testifieth to my face. (Writings JOB.16.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And Thou hast shrivelled me up, which is a witness against me; and my leanness riseth up against me, it testifieth to my face.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:x1:1
# text = And Thou hast shrivelled me up, which is a witness against me; and my leanness riseth up against me, it testifieth to my face.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	aux	_	_
4	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	leanness	leanness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	riseth	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	against	against	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	testifieth	testify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell up** | past | Thou | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a witness |  |  |  | against me | tree rules |
| 3 | **rise up** | present | my leanness |  |  |  |  | against me | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against i=Location |
| 4 | **testify** *speech: other* | present | leanness |  | my face |  |  |  | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to face=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.16.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:x1:2
# text = (Writings JOB.16.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.16.8	JOB.16.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their visage is blacker than coal; they are not known in the streets; their skin is shrivelled upon their bones; it is withered, it is become like a stick. (Writings LAM.4.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Their visage is blacker than coal; they are not known in the streets; their skin is shrivelled upon their bones; it is withered, it is become like a stick.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:x2:1
# text = Their visage is blacker than coal; they are not known in the streets; their skin is shrivelled upon their bones; it is withered, it is become like a stick.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	visage	visage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	blacker	black	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
20	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	withered	wither	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	conj	_	_
31	like	like	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Their visage |  |  |  |  | than coal; black *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **know** | present · passive |  | they |  | the streets |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 3 | **shrivell** | present · passive |  | streets's skin |  |  |  | upon streets's bones | tree rules |
| 4 | **wither** | present · passive |  | skin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **become** | present · passive |  | skin |  |  |  | like a stick | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings LAM.4.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:x2:2
# text = (Writings LAM.4.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	LAM.4.8	LAM.4.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shrivelled frog sat alone in the corner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:x3:1
# text = The shrivelled frog sat alone in the corner.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivell** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | past | the shrivelled frog |  |  | the corner |  | alone *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in corner=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He sold a sack of shrivelled apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:x4:1
# text = He sold a sack of shrivelled apples.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | He | a sack of shrivelled apples |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sack=Theme |
| 2 | **shrivell** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old dwarf had a shrivelled face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shrivelled:x5:1
# text = The old dwarf had a shrivelled face.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	dwarf	dwarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	shrivelled	shrivell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the old dwarf | a shrivelled face |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Patient |
| 2 | **shrivell** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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