---
title: shutting — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «shutting» in the Judaism dictionary: Shutting is closing something, like a door, window, lid or your eyes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# shutting

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Shutting, business, Phrases, someone, it, gate · **What happens:** close, shut, mean, shut down, switch off, shut up · **To what, where:** something, shop, computer, factory, someone, men · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«shutting» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [shutting in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/shutting.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shutting is closing something, like a door, window, lid or your eyes.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:m1:1
# text = Shutting is closing something, like a door, window, lid or your eyes.
1	Shutting	shutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	closing	close	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | present · progressive | Shutting | something |  |  |  | like a door and window | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shutting can mean a shop, school or business closing for the day or for ever.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:m2:1
# text = Shutting can mean a shop, school or business closing for the day or for ever.
1	Shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	closing	close	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  | a shop and school or business |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shop=Topic |
| 3 | **close** | gerund | business *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Phrases: shutting down (switching off a computer or closing a factory), shutting up (rude: telling someone to stop talking), shutting out (keeping someone or something out).

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:m3:1
# text = Phrases: shutting down (switching off a computer or closing a factory), shutting up (rude: telling someone to stop talking), shutting out (keeping someone or something out).
1	Phrases	phrase	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
3	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	switching	switch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	closing	close	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
21	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
22	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	21	obj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
25	talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
29	out	out	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
30	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
32	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	31	obj	_	_
33	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	32	conj	_	_
35	out	out	ADP	RP	_	31	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut down** | gerund | Phrases *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **switch off** | gerund | Phrases *not said here* | a computer |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent computer=Patient |
| 3 | **close** | gerund | Phrases *not said here* | a factory |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent factory=Patient |
| 4 | **shut up** | gerund | Phrases *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | Phrases *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 6 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 7 | **talk** | gerund | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **shut out** | gerund | Phrases *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 9 | **keep out** | gerund | Phrases *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and it came to pass about the time of the shutting of the gate, when it was dark, that the men went out; whither the men went I know not; pursue after them quickly; for ye shall overtake them.' (Prophets JOS.2.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* and it came to pass about the time of the shutting of the gate, when it was dark, that the men went out; whither the men went I know not; pursue after them quickly; for ye shall overtake them.'

<!-- fold The tree, 39 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x1:1
# text = and it came to pass about the time of the shutting of the gate, when it was dark, that the men went out; whither the men went I know not; pursue after them quickly; for ye shall overtake them.'
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	shutting	shutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	19	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
24	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
25	out	out	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
27	whither	whither	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	30	advmod	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
30	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
31	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	parataxis	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
35	pursue	pursue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
36	after	after	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	obl	_	_
38	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
40	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
41	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	43	nsubj	_	_
42	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	overtake	overtake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
44	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	43	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | gate |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **go out** | past | the men |  |  |  |  |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **go** | past | the men |  |  |  |  | whither *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **not** **know** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 7 | **pursue** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | after men *= man* | quickly *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent after they=Theme |
| 8 | **overtake** | shall | ye | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **shut** |  |  | the gate |  |  |  |  | nom shutting «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOS.2.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JOS.2.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOS.2.5	JOS.2.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please stop shutting the door so loudly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x2:1
# text = Please stop shutting the door so loudly.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **shut** | gerund | you *not said here* | the door |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop is shutting in ten minutes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x3:1
# text = The shop is shutting in ten minutes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut** | present · progressive | the shop |  |  |  | minute |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was shutting her eyes tight during the scary bit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x4:1
# text = She was shutting her eyes tight during the scary bit.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	tight	tight	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	during	during	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	scary	scary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut** | past · progressive | She | her eyes |  |  | during the scary bit | tight *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our library is shutting down for repairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x5:1
# text = Our library is shutting down for repairs.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	repairs	repair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut down** | present · progressive | Our library |  |  |  |  | for repairs | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Remember shutting the gate so the dog can't get out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x6:1
# text = Remember shutting the gate so the dog can't get out.
1	Remember	remember	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
11	out	out	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **shut** | gerund | you *not said here* | the gate |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent gate=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **get out** | can | the dog |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kept shutting his friends out when he was sad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x7:1
# text = He kept shutting his friends out when he was sad.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shut out** | gerund | He *not said here* | his friends |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past | he |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shutting doors at night helps stop fire spreading.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x8:1
# text = Shutting doors at night helps stop fire spreading.
1	Shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut** | gerund |  | doors |  |  | night |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient |
| 2 | **help** | present | Shutting |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **stop** | infinitive | Shutting *not said here* | fire |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **spread** | gerund | Shutting *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Very good,” said the woman, going out and shutting the door.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:shutting:x9:1
# text = “Very good,” said the woman, going out and shutting the door.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	shutting	shut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go out** | gerund | the woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **shut** | gerund | the woman *not said here* | the door |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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