---
title: speech — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «speech» in the Judaism dictionary: Speech is the ability to speak, or spoken language: «Babies learn speech slowly.». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/speech/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/) / speech

# speech

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Speech, Babies, direct speech, someone, whole earth, you · **What happens:** be, speak, learn, give, say, come · **To what, where:** ability, speech, talk, audience, exact words, grammar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«speech» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [speech in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/speech.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Speech is the ability to speak, or spoken language: «Babies learn speech slowly.».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:m1:1
# text = Speech is the ability to speak, or spoken language: «Babies learn speech slowly.».
1	Speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
15	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Speech | the ability or spoken language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **learn** *in a quote* | present | Babies | speech |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speech=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A speech is a talk given to an audience, like at assembly or a wedding.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:m2:1
# text = A speech is a talk given to an audience, like at assembly or a wedding.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	audience	audience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a speech | a talk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | participle |  | a talk *not said here* | a audience |  |  | like assembly or a wedding | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to audience=Recipient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In grammar, «direct speech» is the exact words someone said, inside speech marks (quotation marks).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:m3:1
# text = In grammar, «direct speech» is the exact words someone said, inside speech marks (quotation marks).
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	grammar	grammar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	direct	direct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	exact	exact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	nsubj	_	_
13	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	quotation	quotation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | direct speech | the exact words |  | grammar |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | someone | speech marks |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent mark=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the whole earth was of one language and of one speech. (Torah GEN.11.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the whole earth was of one language and of one speech.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x1:1
# text = And the whole earth was of one language and of one speech.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the whole earth |  |  |  |  | of one language and one speech | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.11.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.11.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.11.1	GEN.11.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Come, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.' (Torah GEN.11.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Come, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.'

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x2:1
# text = Come, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.'
1	Come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
10	confound	confound	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
19	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	obj	_	_
20	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	's	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go down** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **confound** | infinitive |  | their language |  | there |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus language=Experiencer |
| 5 | **not** **understand** | may | they | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.11.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.11.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.11.7	GEN.11.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew; as the small rain upon the tender grass, and as the showers upon the herb. (Torah DEU.32.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew; as the small rain upon the tender grass, and as the showers upon the herb.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x3:1
# text = My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew; as the small rain upon the tender grass, and as the showers upon the herb.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	drop	drop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	distil	distil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
21	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	tender	tender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	as	as	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	showers	shower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
30	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	herb	herb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | shall | My doctrine |  |  |  |  | as the rain; as the small rain upon the tender grass and the showers upon the herb | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as rain=Attribute |
| 2 | **distil** | shall | my speech |  |  |  |  | as the dew | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **indoctrinate** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom doctrine «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **speak** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.32.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x3:2
# text = (Torah DEU.32.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.32.2	DEU.32.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hear diligently my speech; and let this be your consolations. (Writings JOB.21.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hear diligently my speech; and let this be your consolations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x4:1
# text = Hear diligently my speech; and let this be your consolations.
1	Hear	hear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	diligently	diligently	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	consolations	consolation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | imperative | you *not said here* | my speech |  |  |  | diligently *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer speech=Stimulus |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | infinitive | this | your consolations |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **speak** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.21.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x4:2
# text = (Writings JOB.21.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.21.2	JOB.21.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night revealeth knowledge; (Writings PSA.19.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x5:1
# text = Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night revealeth knowledge; (Writings PSA.19.3, JPS 1917)
1	Day	Day	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	uttereth	utter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	revealeth	reveal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
16	PSA.19.3	PSA.19.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	flat	_	_
19	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **utter** *speech: other* | present | Day unto day | speech |  |  |  | Writings *obl* | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent speech=Topic |
| 2 | **reveal** | present | night unto night | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knowledge=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speech of one that I knew not did I hear: (Writings PSA.81.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x6:1
# text = The speech of one that I knew not did I hear: (Writings PSA.81.6, JPS 1917)
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obj	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
9	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	_
15	PSA.81.6	PSA.81.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	_
18	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | past | I | the speech of one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | past · do-support | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave a speech in assembly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x7:1
# text = She gave a speech in assembly.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a speech |  | assembly |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speech=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put speech marks around the words the character says.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x8:1
# text = Put speech marks around the words the character says.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	around	around	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | speech marks |  | the words |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mark=Theme around word=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the character | the words *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The winner made a short speech.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x9:1
# text = The winner made a short speech.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	winner	winner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the winner | a short speech |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset speech=Product |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Freedom of speech means people can say what they think.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x10:1
# text = Freedom of speech means people can say what they think.
1	Freedom	freedom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	obj	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Freedom of speech |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | can | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | present | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nouns and verbs are parts of speech.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x11:1
# text = Nouns and verbs are parts of speech.
1	Nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	verbs	verb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Nouns and verbs | parts |  |  |  | of speech | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A speech therapist helps children with their speech.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x12:1
# text = A speech therapist helps children with their speech.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	therapist	therapist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | a speech therapist |  | children |  |  | with children's speech | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary with speech=Theme |
| 2 | **speak** |  | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The comic has a speech bubble above the dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x13:1
# text = The comic has a speech bubble above the dog.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	comic	comic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	bubble	bubble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	above	above	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the comic | a speech bubble |  |  |  | above the dog | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bubble=Patient |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dorothy listened to this speech with wonder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:speech:x14:1
# text = Dorothy listened to this speech with wonder.
1	Dorothy	Dorothy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wonder	wonder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | past | Dorothy |  |  |  |  | to this speech with wonder | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to speech=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [speculation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/speculation/)
- next →: [speed](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/speed/)
- ↑ back to [S in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/)