---
title: spend — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spend» in the Judaism dictionary: To spend is to pay out money. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spend

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, I, she, land, trees, days · **What happens:** spend, be, do, heap, cast, not yield · **To what, where:** something, zoo, evils, Mine, water, child · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spend» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spend in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/spend.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spend is to pay out money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:m1:1
# text = To spend is to pay out money.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spend	spend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Goal |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | pay *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spend time is to use it doing something or being somewhere: «spend a day at the zoo».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:m2:1
# text = To spend time is to use it doing something or being somewhere: «spend a day at the zoo».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spend	spend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	ccomp	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	being	be	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
12	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	spend	spend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	parataxis	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | use *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | gerund | it | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 4 | **be** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | somewhere *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **spend** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  | the zoo | day |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I will heap evils upon them; I will spend Mine arrows upon them; (Torah DEU.32.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x1:1
# text = I will heap evils upon them; I will spend Mine arrows upon them; (Torah DEU.32.23, JPS 1917)
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	heap	heap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	evils	evil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	spend	spend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	Mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
18	DEU.32.23	DEU.32.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heap** | future | I | evils |  |  |  | upon evils *= evil* | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent evil=Theme upon they=Destination |
| 2 | **spend** | future | I | Mine |  |  |  | upon evils *= evil* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the water in the bottle was spent, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs. (Torah GEN.21.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the water in the bottle was spent, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x2:1
# text = And the water in the bottle was spent, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	spent	spend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	shrubs	shrub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past · passive |  | the water in the bottle |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |
| 2 | **cast** | past | she | the child |  |  |  | under one of the shrubs | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent child=Theme under one=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.21.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.21.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.21.15	GEN.21.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And your strength shall be spent in vain; for your land shall not yield her produce, neither shall the trees of the land yield their fruit. (Torah LEV.26.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And your strength shall be spent in vain; for your land shall not yield her produce, neither shall the trees of the land yield their fruit.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x3:1
# text = And your strength shall be spent in vain; for your land shall not yield her produce, neither shall the trees of the land yield their fruit.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	spent	spend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	yield	yield	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	produce	produce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
19	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	26	cc:preconj	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
26	yield	yield	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | shall · passive |  | your strength |  | vain |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |
| 2 | **not** **yield** | shall | your land | land's produce |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent produce=Theme |
| 3 | **yield** | shall | the trees of the land | trees's fruit |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.26.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x3:2
# text = (Torah LEV.26.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.26.20	LEV.26.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My days are swifter than a weaver's shuttle, and are spent without hope. (Writings JOB.7.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* My days are swifter than a weaver's shuttle, and are spent without hope.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x4:1
# text = My days are swifter than a weaver's shuttle, and are spent without hope.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	swifter	swift	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	weaver	weaver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	shuttle	shuttle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	spent	spend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
14	without	without	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My days |  |  |  |  | than a weaver's shuttle; swift *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **spend** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | without hope | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP» |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.7.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x4:2
# text = (Writings JOB.7.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.7.6	JOB.7.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They spend their days in prosperity, and peacefully they go down to the grave. (Writings JOB.21.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They spend their days in prosperity, and peacefully they go down to the grave.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x5:1
# text = They spend their days in prosperity, and peacefully they go down to the grave.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spend	spend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	prosperity	prosperity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	peacefully	peacefully	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	down	down	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | present | They |  |  | prosperity | day |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go down** | present | they |  |  |  |  | to the grave; down, peacefully *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.21.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.21.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.21.13	JOB.21.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If they hearken and serve Him, they shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures. (Writings JOB.36.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* If they hearken and serve Him, they shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x6:1
# text = If they hearken and serve Him, they shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hearken	hearken	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	serve	serve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	spend	spend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	prosperity	prosperity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	pleasures	pleasure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hearken** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **serve** | present | they *not said here* | Him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Attribute |
| 3 | **spend** | shall | they |  |  | prosperity | day; year |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.36.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x6:2
# text = (Writings JOB.36.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.36.11	JOB.36.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much does Anna spend?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x7:1
# text = How much does Anna spend?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	Anna	Anna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	spend	spend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | present · do-support | Anna | much |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Asset |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam spent 12 cents on sweets and 8 cents on a pen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x8:1
# text = Sam spent 12 cents on sweets and 8 cents on a pen.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | Sam | 12 cents |  |  |  | on sweets and 8 cents *goal*; on a pen | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent cent=Asset on sweet=Goal |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Max spends 2 hours reading.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x9:1
# text = Max spends 2 hours reading.
1	Max	Max	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spends	spend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	compound	_	_
5	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | present | Max | hours reading |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reading=Asset |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We spent the weekend at Gran's.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x10:1
# text = We spent the weekend at Gran's.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	weekend	weekend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | We |  |  | Gran | weekend |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't spend all your pocket money at once.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x11:1
# text = Don't spend all your pocket money at once.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	spend	spend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	pocket	pocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **spend** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | your pocket money |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much time do you spend on homework?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x12:1
# text = How much time do you spend on homework?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	spend	spend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | present · do-support | you |  |  |  | time | on homework *goal* | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent on homework=Goal |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spent 5 dollars and saved 3.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x13:1
# text = She spent 5 dollars and saved 3.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	saved	save	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | She | 5 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dollar=Asset |
| 2 | **save** | past | She *not said here* | 3 |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3=Theme |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We spent the night in a tent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x14:1
# text = We spent the night in a tent.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | We |  |  | a tent | night |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Have you spent the night comfortably?"

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spend:x15:1
# text = "Have you spent the night comfortably?"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	comfortably	comfortably	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spend** *in a quote* | past | you |  |  |  | night | comfortably *property* | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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